Skip to main content

Prévalence du virus de l’hépatite B au Burundi sur la base d’une enquête nationale

Prevalence of hepatitis B virus in Burundi, a nationwide survey

Journal Africain d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie volume 7, pages 199–203 (2013)Cite this article

Résumé

Introduction

La prévalence du virus de l’hépatite B (VHB) n’est pas bien connue au Burundi. Des études parcellaires rapportent des taux variés. Aucune étude nationale n’avait été faite dans notre pays.

But

Déterminer la prévalence de l’AgHBs au Burundi à partir d’une enquête nationale.

Méthodes

Lors d’une enquête nationale de séroprévalence du VIH en 2002 par le CEFORMI au CHUK, entre 2 et 4 ml de sérum et de plasma avaient été décantés pour chaque échantillon puis conservés à −20°C pour usage ultérieur. Nous avons repris et analysé ces échantillons.

Résultats

Au total, 5 569 personnes ont été enrôlées, 2 660 (47,8 %) hommes et 2 909 (52,2 %) femmes. 1 051 (18,9 %) étaient en zone urbaine, 1 062 (19,1 %) en zone semi-urbaine et 3 456 (62 %) en zone rurale. L’âge moyen était de 31 ± 15 ans avec une médiane de 28 ans. La séroprévalence nationale de l’AgHBs était de 4,6 % (259/5569). Elle était de 5,4% (144/2660) chez l’homme et de 3,9% (114/2909) chez la femme (p < 0,01). En zone urbaine, la séroprévalence était de 5,9 % (62/1051), 6,3 % (32/505) chez l’homme et 5,5 % (30/546) chez la femme. En zone semi-urbaine, la séroprévalence était de 4,6 % (49/1062), 5,4 % (26/484) chez l’homme et 4 % (23/578) chez la femme. En zone rurale, elle était de 4,3 % (148/3456), 5,2 % (87/1672) chez l’homme et 3,4 % (61/1784) chez la femme. La co-infection avec le VIH était rare: 0,9%(9/1051) en zone urbaine, 0,3%(3/1062) en zone semi-urbaine et 0,3 % (9/3456) en zone rurale.

Conclusion

La prévalence du virus de l’hépatite B est estimée à 4,6 % au Burundi. Elle est plus élevée chez l’homme (5,4 %) que chez la femme (3,9 %), en zone urbaine (5,9 %) qu’en zone rurale (4,3 %). Elle est parmi les taux les plus bas en Afrique noire.

Abstract

Introduction

The prevalence of hepatitis B virus (HVB) is not well known in Burundi. Some fragmentary studies found various rates. No nationwide study had been made in our country.

Aim

To determine the prevalence of HBsAg in Burundi based on a nationwide survey.

Methods

During a national investigation of HIV prevalence in 2002, conducted by the CEFORMI in CHU Kamenge, between 2 and 4 ml of serum and plasma had been decanted from each sample and stored under −20°C for ulterior use. We recuperated and analyzed these samples.

Results

A total of 5.569 persons have been enrolled, 2.660 (47.8%) males and 2.909 (52.2%) females. 1.051 (18.9%) were in urban areas; 1.062 (19.1%) in semi-urban areas and 3.456 (62%) in rural areas. The middle age was 31±15 years with a median of 28 years. The national HBsAg prevalence was 4.6% (259/5569). It was 5.4% (144/2660) among male populations and 3.9% (114/2909) among female populations (p<0,01). In urban areas, that prevalence was 5.9% (62/1051). It was 6.3% (32/505) among males and 5.5% (30/546) among females. In semi-urban areas, the prevalence was 4.6% (49/1062), 5.4% (26/484) among males and 4% (23/578) among females. In rural areas, it was 4.3% (148/3456), 5.2% (87/1672) among males 3.4% (61/1784) among females. The co-infection with the HIV was rare: 0,9% (9/1051) in urban areas, 0,3% (3/1062) in semi-urban areas and 0.3% (9/3456) in rural areas.

Conclusion

The prevalence of HBsAg is estimated to 4.6%in Burundi. It is more elevate among males (5.4%) than among females (3.9%); and in urban areas (5.9%) than in rural areas (4.3%). It is in the lowest rates found in black Africa countries.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

Access options

Buy single article

Instant access to the full article PDF.

USD 39.95

Price includes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Références

  1. EASL (2003) International Consensus Conference on Hepatitis B. Consensus statement. J Hépatol 39:S3–25

    Google Scholar 

  2. Ganem D, Prince AM (2004) Hepatitis B virus infection: natural history and clinical consequences. Semin Liver Dis 350:1118–1129

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Michael C Kew (2010) Hepatocellular carcinoma in African Blacks: Recent progress in etiology and pathogenesis, World J Hepatol 27:65–73

    Google Scholar 

  4. Custer B, Sullivan SD, Hazler KT, et al (2004) Global epidemiology of hepatitis B virus. Clin Gastroenterol 38: S158–S168

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Sobeslavsky O (1980) Prevalence of markers of hepatitis B virus infection in various countries: a WHO Collaborative Study. Bull World Health Organiz 58:621–628

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Makuwa M, Mintsa-Ndong A, Souquière S, et al (2009) Prevalence and molecular diversity of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis delta virus in urban and rural populations in northern Gabon in Central Africa. J Clin Microbiol 47:2265–2268

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Richard-Lenoble D, Traore O, Kombila MY, et al (1995) Hepatitis B, C, D, and E markers in rural equatorial African villages (Gabon). Am J Trop Med Hyg 53:338–341

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Kramvis A, Kew M C (2007) Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus in Africa, its genotypes and clinical associations of genotypes. Hepatol Res 37:S9–S19

    PubMed  Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Adjei AA, Armah HB, Gbagbo F, et al (2006) Prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and syphilis among prison inmates and officers at Nsawam and Accra, Ghana. J Med Microbiol 55:593–597

    PubMed  Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Damale NKR, Lassey AT, Bekoe V (2005) Hepatitis B virus seroprevalence among parturients in Accra, Ghana. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 90:240–241

    CAS  PubMed  Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Lisfon AR, Thai D, O’Fallon A, et al (2002) Prevalence of tuberculosis, hepatitis B virus and intestinal parasitic infection among refugees to Minnesota. Public Health Reports 117:69–76

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Tafuri S, Prato R, Domenico Martinelli D, et al (2010) Prevalence of Hepatitis B, C, HIV and syphilis markers among refugees in Bari, Italy. BMC Infect Dis 10:213–218

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Majori S, Baldo V, Tommasi I, et al (2008) Hepatitis A, B, and C infection in a Community of Sub Saharan immigrants living in Verona (Italy). J Travel Med 15:323–327

    PubMed  Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Di Bisceglie AM, Kew MC, Dusheiko GM, et al (1986) Prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection among Black children in Soweto. Br Med J 292:1440–1442

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Parkin DM, Bray F, Ferlay J, Pisani P (2002) Global cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin 55:74–108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Ferlay J, Bray F, Pisani P, et al (2000) Cancer incidence, mortality and prevalence worldwide. Version 1. Lyon: IARC Press 2001

    Google Scholar 

  17. Bosch FX, Ribes J, Borras J (1999) Epidemiology of primary liver cancer. Semin Liver Dis 19:271–285

    CAS  PubMed  Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Bosch FX, Ribes J, Diaz M, Veries R (2004) Primary liver cancer: Worldwide incidence and trends. Gastroenterology 127:S5–16

    PubMed  Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Firnhaber C, Reyneke A, Schulze D, et al (2008) The prevalence of hepatitis B co-infection in a South African urban government HIV clinic. S Afr Med J 98:541–544

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. McMahon BJ, Alward WL, Hall DB, et al (1985) Acute hepatitis B virus infection: relation of age to the clinical expression of disease and subsequent development of the carrier state. J Infect Dis 151:599–603

    CAS  PubMed  Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Botha JF, Ritchie MJJ, Dusheiko GM, et al (1984) Hepatitis B virus carrier state in Black Children in Ovamboland: role of perinatal and horizontal transmission. Lancet 2:1210–1212

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Hyams KC (1995) Risks of chronicity following acute hepatitis B virus infection: a review. Clin Infect Dis 20:992–1000

    CAS  PubMed  Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Burnett RJ, François G, Kew MC, et al (2005) Leroux-Roels G, MeheusA, Hoosen AA, Mphahlele MJ. Hepatitis B virus and humanimmunodeficiency virus co-infection in sub-Saharan Africa:a call for further investigation. Liver Int 25:201–213

    CAS  PubMed  Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Mphahlele MJ, Lukhwareni A, Burnett RJ, et al (2006) High risk of occult hepatitis B virus infectionin HIV-positive patients from South Africa. J Clin Virol 35:14–20

    PubMed  Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Firnhaber C, Viana R, Reyneke A, et al (2005) Hepatitis B virus genotypeand DNA level and hepatocellular carcinoma: A prospectivestudy in men. J Natl Cancer Inst 97:165–272

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centre hospitalo-universitaire de Kamenge (CHUK), département de médecine interne, Bujumbura, Burundi

    R. Ntagirabiri, T. Niyongabo, A. Ndayiragije & E. Baransaka

Authors
  1. R. Ntagirabiri
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. T. Niyongabo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. A. Ndayiragije
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. E. Baransaka
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to R. Ntagirabiri.

About this article

Cite this article

Ntagirabiri, R., Niyongabo, T., Ndayiragije, A. et al. Prévalence du virus de l’hépatite B au Burundi sur la base d’une enquête nationale. J Afr Hepato Gastroenterol 7, 199–203 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12157-013-0495-7

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12157-013-0495-7

Mots clés

  • Virus de l’hépatite B
  • Prévalence
  • Épidémiologie

Keywords

  • Hepatitis B virus
  • Prevalence
  • Epidemiology