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High-Throughput Carbon-Capturing Frameworks by Pelleting Hydrochar of Food Waste and its Residual Ash as a Dopant

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Abstract

Studies on converting biomass into an adsorbent often are available from the contemporary academic literature. However, no in-depth systematic investigation exists on the possibility of strategically recycling food waste and the residual ash of its hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) into pellets for the purpose of physical sorption. Therefore, the objective of this study was to transform hydrochar of food waste and its residual ash into high-throughput carbon-capturing frameworks via an integrative HTC-pelletization approach. The pilot-scale manufacturing of adsorbents consisted of carbonizing food waste at 200.00 °C and 1.50 MPa for 2.00 h then pressing its powdery hydrochar, residual ash and spent peanut grain (SPG) together on an automatic pelletizer machine at 75.00-100.00 MPa and 150.00 °C for 90.00 s. The addition of ash as an inorganic dopant structured-up functional gas-binding alkaline sites, such as N, S, SiO2, and Al2O3, onto the surface of pellets. Hence, it enabled them to effectively encapsulate 8.90 mmol CO2 g−1. Co-addition of SPG slightly limited the physisorption to 7.50 mmol CO2 g−1. However, the organic binder, by its powerful stickness, proved useful to enhance the regenerability (>99.00%) of the material over multiple cycles of swinging CO2 to N2 to simulate adsorption and desorption, respectively. Therefore, insights into ramifications of the integrative HTC-pelletization approach are timely. They can provide forward knowledge of relevance to progress in the field’s prominence in elaborating high-throughput physisorption via carbon-to-waste pathways. However, further research is necessary to analyze whether it is feasible or not to bring carbon-capturing pellets into implementation at industrial scale.

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Abbreviations

CCS:

carbon capture and storage

CCU:

carbon capture and utilization

Dp :

diameter of pore [nm]

EDX:

energy dispersive x-ray

GHG:

greenhouse gas

HTC:

hydrothermal carbonization

Hyg :

hygroscopicity [%]

MSW:

municipal solid waste

PFO:

pseudo first-order

PSO:

pseudo second-order

SA :

surface area [m2 g−1]

SPG:

spent peanut grain

Vp :

volume of pore [m3 g−1]

Wp :

width of pore [nm]

WtE:

waste-to-energy

WtP:

waste-to-product

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Acknowledgements

Th authors would like to acknowledge the Coordination for the Improvement for Higher Education Personnel for scholarship (CAPES, financing code N° 001).

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Author notes

  1. Bruno Rafael de Almeida Moreira, Armando Lopes de Brito Filho and Marcelo Rodrigues Barbosa Júnior contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São Paulo, Jaboticabal, Brazil

    Bruno Rafael de Almeida Moreira, Armando Lopes de Brito Filho, Marcelo Rodrigues Barbosa Júnior & Rouverson Pereira da Silva

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  1. Bruno Rafael de Almeida Moreira
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  2. Armando Lopes de Brito Filho
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Contributions

Bruno R. A. Moreira, Conceptualization, Data Curation, Methodology, Formal Analysis, Writing – original draft, and Writing – review & editing; Armando L. B. Filho, Investigation and Methodology; Marcelo R. B. Júnior, Investigation and Methodology; Rouverson P. Silva, Supervision and Writing – review & editing.

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Correspondence to Bruno Rafael de Almeida Moreira.

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de Almeida Moreira, B.R., de Brito Filho, A.L., Barbosa Júnior, M.R. et al. High-Throughput Carbon-Capturing Frameworks by Pelleting Hydrochar of Food Waste and its Residual Ash as a Dopant. Bioenerg. Res. 16, 435–447 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-022-10420-6

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