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Thermochemical Conversion of Sargassum for Energy Production: a Comprehensive Review

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Abstract

The use of algal biomass as a renewable source of energy is potentially promising. The literature on biofuels derived from Sargassum is limited compared to other macroalgae. The unusual seaweed bloom of Sargassum from 2011 to date can be caused by the following factors: eutrophication of the sea, climate change, and other oceanographic patterns. The atypical invasion has had great ecological and economic effects in the affected regions. Traditionally, Sargassum has been recovered from coasts and beaches for use as fertilizer, but new markets need to be found to exploit the large volumes produced by the seaweed influx and mitigate its impact. The biochemical composition of Sargassum biomass defines it as a potential feedstock for biofuel production. However, the high moisture and ash content constitute the limitations for the development of some energy extraction methods. On the other hand, the costs associated with the removal of high volumes of accumulated Sargassum from coasts and beaches, transportation, cleaning, and storage are relatively high. Therefore, the production of biofuels from Sargassum seaweed is still a technical, economic, and energy challenge. This review proposes a multifactorial approach to the potential use of Sargassum biomass as feedstock for energy production, especially by thermochemical conversion (combustion, gasification, pyrolysis, and hydrothermal liquefaction). The survey analyses the chemical composition, biomass productivity and coastal impact, energy output, thermochemical conversion processes, techno-economic challenges, and future perspectives. In addition, a Sargassum biomass biorefinery approach with a circular bioeconomy approach is proposed.

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  1. Universidad Tecnológica de La Habana José A. Echeverría. Calle 114, No. 11901 e/119 y 127, Marianao 15, 19390, Cujae, Cuba

    Indira Tobío-Pérez, Arael Alfonso-Cardero, Yosvany Díaz-Domínguez & Ramón Piloto-Rodríguez

  2. Institute of Thermodynamics, Energy Process Engineering and System Engineering, University of Applied Sciences of Mittelhessen (THM), Wiesenstrasse 14, 35390, Gießen, Germany

    Sven Pohl

  3. Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Industriales, Universidad de Castilla La-Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain

    Magín Lapuerta

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Tobío-Pérez, I., Alfonso-Cardero, A., Díaz-Domínguez, Y. et al. Thermochemical Conversion of Sargassum for Energy Production: a Comprehensive Review. Bioenerg. Res. 15, 1872–1893 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-021-10382-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-021-10382-1

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