Abstract
Objective
Radioiodide is commonly used to diagnose and treat hyperthyroidism and thyroid carcinoma. However, we could not find any experimental data that strictly compared the biodistribution and thyroid uptake of radioactive iodide between the oral and intravenous (iv) routes with time. This prompted us to compare 123I biodistribution and thyroid uptake to clarify the differences between oral and iv bolus administration in rats.
Methods
The rats were divided into two groups, A and B (n = 5, each). In the first imaging experiment, Na123I solution (35 MBq/200 μL) was administered as a bolus to the rats orally in group A and intravenously in group B. Two weeks later, the second imaging experiment was performed as a crossover experiment. 123I biodistribution was evaluated visually and quantitatively with a gamma camera at 10 min, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h after 123I administration. Thyroid uptake was compared between oral and iv groups. Correlation of 123I thyroid uptake and whole-body excretion was evaluated. The area under the curve (AUC) of thyroid uptake was also calculated.
Results
123I biodistribution differed visually during 6 h between the two groups. 123I thyroid uptake was significantly higher in the iv group at 10 min (P < 0.05) and in the oral group at 6 or more hour time points (P < 0.005–P < 0.0001) and peaked at 12 h in both groups (oral: 24.4 ± 2.8 %ID, iv: 15.2 ± 2.8 %ID). 123I thyroid uptake showed significant inverse correlations with whole-body excretion from 6 h (r = −0.799, P < 0.0001), and thereafter [12 h (r = −0.957, P < 0.0001), 24 h (r = −0.905, P < 0.0001) and 48 h (r = −0.893, P < 0.0001)], respectively. 123I whole-body excretion was significantly higher in the iv group at each time point (P < 0.0001). The AUC of 123I thyroid uptake was 1.6 times higher in the oral group than the iv group.
Conclusions
These results suggest that radioiodide accumulates in the rat thyroid more effectively by oral than iv administration probably due to slower and lower 123I clearance from the body in the oral administration when administered in a bolus fashion.
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Conflict of interest
Hiroyuki Kurosawa, Kazuhisa Sakurai, Hideaki Hasegawa, Keisuke Uchida, Hiroyuki Kasahara, Takao Minamizawa are employees of FUJIFILM RI Pharma Co., Ltd. The remaining authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
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Kurosawa, H., Sakurai, K., Hasegawa, H. et al. Comparison of radioactive iodide uptake in the rat thyroid between oral and intravenous bolus administration. Ann Nucl Med 28, 986–993 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12149-014-0909-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12149-014-0909-7