Skip to main content
Log in

Employees’ feeling trusted, self-concept and creativity in collectivistic cultures

  • Published:
Current Psychology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Existing research have revealed the positive impact of trust on employee’s creativity. Given that perception is the precursor of action, influence of trust on creativity tends to occur through employees’ perception and the process of the perceptual reaction of the self, which, however, fail to gain extensive attention in literature. Drawing on theories of social exchange and self-consistency, we develop a model to understand how employees in collectivistic cultures evaluate feeling trusted and regulate themselves in creativity by considering the role of self-concept. We test our model using a time-lagged design to collect data from the supervisor–subordinate dyads in two stages in China. Results show that organization-based self-esteem mediate the positive relationship between feeling trusted and creativity, and interdependent self-construal plays a moderating role in such relationship. Specifically, for subordinates with high interdependent self-construal, the positive relationship between organization-based self-esteem and creativity is not significant. Our research provide insight into how self-concept shapes the impact of leadership in term of trust on creativity theoretically, and practically contribute to management of trust and encouragement on employees’ creativity.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Anderson, N., Potocnik, K., & Zhou, J. (2014). Innovation and creativity in organizations: a state-of-the-science review and prospective commentary. Journal of Management, 40(5), 1297–1333.

    Google Scholar 

  • Andersen, S. M., & Chen, S. (2002). The relational self: an interpersonal social-cognitive theory. Psychological review, 109(4), 619.

  • Amabile, T. M. (1988). A model of creativity and innovation in organizations. Research in Organizational Behavior, 10(10), 123–167.

    Google Scholar 

  • Amabile, T. M., Schatzel, E. A., Moneta, G. B., & Kramer, S. J. (2004). Leader behaviors and the work environment for creativity: Perceived leader support. Leadership Quarterly, 17, 679–680.

    Google Scholar 

  • Aiken, L. S., West, S. G., & Reno, R. R. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blau, P. (1964). Exchange and power in social life. Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baer, M. D., Dhensakahlon, R. K., Colquitt, J. A., Rodell, J. B., Outlaw, R., & Long, D. M. (2015). Uneasy lies the head that bears the trust: Uneasy lies the head that bears the trust: The effects of feeling trusted on emotional exhaustion. Academy of Management Journal, 58(6), 1637–1657.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baer, M. (2012). Putting creativity to work: The implementation of creative ideas in organizations. Academy of Management Journal, 55(5), 1102–1119.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 16(1), 74–94.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bednall, T. C., Rafferty, A. E., Shipton, H., Sanders, K., & Jackson, C. J. (2018). Innovative behaviour: How much transformational leadership do you need? British Journal of Management, 29(4), 796–816.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bidault, F., & Castello, A. (2009). Trust and creativity: Understanding the role of trust in creativity-oriented joint developments. R & D Management, 39(3), 259–270.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bowling, N. A., Eschleman, K. J., Wang, Q., Kirkendall, C., & Alarcon, G. (2010). A meta-analysis of the predictors and consequences of organization-based self-esteem. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 83(3), 601–626.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brattström, A., Löfsten, H., & Richtnér, A. (2012). Creativity, trust and systematic processes in product development. Research Policy, 41(4), 743–755.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brewer, M. B., & Chen, Y. R. (2007). Where (who) are collectives in collectivism? Toward conceptual clarification of individualism and collectivism. Psychological Review, 114(1), 133–151.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brislin, R. W. (1980). Translation and content analysis of oral and written materials. Methodology, 389–444

  • Brockner, J., Heuer, L., Siegel, P. A., Wiesenfeld, B., Martin, C., Grover, S., et al. (1998). The moderating effect of self-esteem in reaction to voice: Converging evidence from five studies. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 75(2), 394.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brockner, J., & Chen, Y. (1996). The moderating roles of self-esteem and self-construal in reaction to a threat to the self: Evidence from the People’s Republic of China and the United States. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology., 71, 603–604.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brower, H. H., Lester, S. W., Korsgaard, M. A., & Dineen, B. R. (2009). A closer look at trust between managers and subordinates: Understanding the effects of both trusting and being trusted on subordinate outcomes. Journal of Management, 35(2), 327–347.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen, Z. X., & Aryee, S. (2007). Delegation and employee work outcomes: An examination of cultural context of mediating processes in China. Academy of Management Journal, 50(1), 226–238.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clegg, C., Unsworth, K., Epitropaki, O., & Parker, G. (2002). Implicating trust in the innovation process. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 75, 409–422.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen-Meitar, R., Carmeli, A., & Waldman, D. A. (2009). Linking meaningfulness in the workplace to employee creativity: The intervening role of organizational identification and positive psychological experiences. Creativity Research Journal, 21, 361–375.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cropanzano, R., & Mitchell, M. S. (2005). Social exchange theory: An interdisciplinary review. Journal of Management, 31, 874–900.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cross, S. E., & Vick, N. V. (2001). The interdependent self-construal and social support: The case of persistence in engineering. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27(7), 820–832.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cross, S. E., Gore, J. S., & Morris, M. L. (2003). The relational-interdependent self-construal, self-concept consistency, and well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85, 933–944.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • de Jong, J. P. J., & den Hartog, D. N. (2007). How leaders influence employees’ innovative behaviour. European Journal of Innovation Management, 10(1), 41–64.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dong, Y., Bartol, K. M., Zhang, Z.-X., & Li, C. (2017). Enhancing employee creativity via individual skill development and team knowledge sharing: Influences of dual-focused transformational leadership. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 38, 439–458.

    Google Scholar 

  • Du, J., & Wang, D. (2009). Person-environment fit and creativity: The moderating role of collectivism. Acta Psychologica Sinica, 41(10), 980.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ekrot, B., Rank, J., & Gemünden, H. G. (2016). Antecedents of project managers’ voice behavior: The moderating effect of organization-based self-esteem and affective organizational commitment. International Journal of Project Management, 34(6), 1028–1042.

    Google Scholar 

  • Efron, B., & Tibshirani, R. (1986). Bootstrap methods for standard errors, confidence intervals, and other measures of statistical accuracy. Statistical Science, 1, 54–75.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eisenbeiß, S. A., & Boerner, S. (2013). A double-edged sword: Transformational leadership and individual creativity. British Journal of Management, 24(1), 54–68.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elenkov, D. S., & Manev, I. M. (2005). Top management leadership and influence on innovation: The role of sociocultural context. Journal of Management, 31, 381–402.

    Google Scholar 

  • Erez, M., & Nouri, R. (2010). Creativity: The influence of cultural, social, and work contexts. Management and Organization Review, 6, 351–370.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18, 39–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hannover, B., Birkner, N., & Pöhlmann, C. (2006). Ideal selves and self-esteem in people with independent or interdependent self-construal. European Journal of Social Psychology, 36(1), 119–133.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hatzakis, T. (2009). Towards a framework of trust attribution styles. British Journal of Management, 20, 448–460.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hughes, M., Rigtering, J. P. C., Covin, J. G., Bouncken, R., & Kraus, S. (2018). Innovative behaviour, trust and perceived workplace performance. British Journal of Management, 29(4), 750–768.

    Google Scholar 

  • Herrmann, D., & Felfe, J. (2014). Effects of leadership style, creativity technique and personal initiative on employee creativity. British Journal of Management, 25, 209–227.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hulland, J. (1999). Use of partial least squares (PLS) in strategic management research: A review of four recent studies. Strategic Management Journal, 20, 195–204.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hair, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Ringle, C. M., & Mena, J. A. (2012). An assessment of the use of partial least squares structural equation modeling in marketing research. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 40, 414–433.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jian, Z. Q., Kwa, H. K., Qiu, Q., Liu, Z. Q., & Yim, F. H. (2012). Abusive supervision and frontline employees’ service performance. The Service Industries Journal, 32(5), 683–698.

    Google Scholar 

  • Judge, T. A., & Bono, J. E. (2001). Relationship of core self-evaluations traits—self-esteem, generalized self-efficacy, locus of control, and emotional stability—with job satisfaction and job performance: A meta-analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(1), 80–92.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Khazanchi, S., & Masterson, S. S. (2011). Who and what is fair matters: A multi-foci social exchange model of creativity. Journal of Organizational Behaviour., 32, 86–106.

    Google Scholar 

  • Korman, A. K. (1970). Toward a hypothesis of work behavior. Journal of Applied Psychology, 54, 31–41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lau, D. C., Lam, L. W., & Wen, S. S. (2014). Examining the effects of feeling trusted by supervisors in the workplace: A self-evaluative perspective. Journal of Organizational Behavior., 35(1), 112–127.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, A. Y., Aaker, J. L., & Gardner, W. L. (2000). The Pleasures and pains of distinct self-construals: the role of interdependence in regulatory focus. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology., 78(6), 1122–1134.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Liu, J., Hui, C., Lee, C., & Chen, X. (2013). Why do I feel valued and why do I contribute? A relational approach to employee’s organization-based self-esteem and job performance. Journal of Management Studies, 50(6), 1018–1040.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lord, R. G., & Brown, R. J. (2001). Leadership, values and subordinate self concepts. Leadership Quarterly, 12(2), 133–152.

    Google Scholar 

  • MacKinnon, D. P., Lockwood, C. M., & Williams, J. (2004). Confidence limits for the indirect effect: Distribution of the product and resampling methods. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 39(1), 99–128.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98(2), 224–253.

    Google Scholar 

  • Markus, H. A., & Wurf, E. (1987). The dynamic self-concept: a social psychological perspective. Annual Review of Psychology, 38(1), 299–337.

    Google Scholar 

  • McAllister, D. J. (1995). Affect-and cognition-based trust as foundations for interpersonal cooperation in organizations. Academy of Management Journal, 38(1), 24–59.

    Google Scholar 

  • McAllister, D. J., & Bigley, G. A. (2002). Work context and the definition of self: How organizational care influences organization-based self-esteem. Academy of Management Journal, 45(5), 894–904.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miao, Q., Newman, A., Schwarz, G., & Xu, L. (2013). Participative leadership and the organizational commitment of civil servants in China: The mediating effects of trust in supervisor. British Journal of Management, 24, 76–92.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miao, Q., Newman, A., Schwarz, G., & Xu, L. I. N. (2014). Servant leadership, trust, and the organizational commitment of public sector employees in China. Public Administration, 92(3), 727–743.

  • Modranský, R., Bočková, K., & Hanák, M. (2020). Project manager and stress in coping with demanding situations in automotive industry. Emerging Science Journal, 4(5), 418–426.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mullen, M. R. (1995). Diagnosing measurement equivalence in cross-national research. Journal of International Business Studies, 26(3), 573–596.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ng, A. K. (2003). Cultural model of creative and conforming behaviour. Creativity Research Journal, 15(2&3), 223–233.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ng, T. W. H., & Feldman, D. C. (2012). A comparison of self-ratings and non-self-report measures of employee creativity. Human Relations, 65, 1021–1047.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oldham, G. R., & Cummings, A. (1996). Employee creativity: Personal and contextual factors at work. Academy of Management Journal, 39(3), 607–634.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pierce, J. L., & Gardner, D. G. (2004). Self-esteem within the work and organizational context: A review of the organization-based self-esteem literature. Journal of Management, 30(5), 591–622.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pierce, J. L., Gardner, D. G., Cummings, L. L., & Dunham, R. B. (1989). Organization-based self-esteem: Construct definition, measurement, and validation. Academy of Management journal, 32(3), 622–648.

  • Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J.-Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879–903.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Podsakoff, P. M., & Organ, D. W. (1986). Self-reports in organizational research: Problems and prospects. Journal of Management, 12, 531–544.

    Google Scholar 

  • Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40(3), 879–891.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rank, J., Nelson, N. E., Allen, T. D., & Xu, X. (2009). Leadership predictors of innovation and task performance: Subordinates’ self-esteem and self-presentation as moderators. Journal of Occupational & Organizational Psychology, 82(3), 465–489.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rickards, T., Chen, M. H., & Moger, S. (2001). Development of a self-report instrument for exploring team factor, leadership and performance relationships. British Journal of Management, 12(3), 243–250.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55(1), 68–78.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rousseau, D. M., Sitkin, S. B., Burt, R. S., & Camerer, C. (1998). Not so different after all: A cross-discipline view of trust. Academy of Management Review, 23(3), 393–404.

    Google Scholar 

  • Salamon, S. D., & Robinson, S. L. (2008). Trust that binds: The impact of collective felt trust on organizational performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(3), 593.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shamir, B., House, R. J., & Arthur, M. B. (1993). The motivational effects of charismatic leadership: A self-concept based theory. Organization Science, 4, 577–594.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shalley, C. E., Zhou, J., & Oldham, G. R. (2004). The effects of personal and contextual characteristics on creativity: Where should we go from here. Journal of Management, 30(6), 933–958.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shin, S. J., & Zhou, J. (2003). Transformational leadership, conservation, and creativity: Evidence from Korea. Academy of Management Journal, 46(6), 703–714.

    Google Scholar 

  • Singelis, T. M. (1994). The measurement of independent and interdependent self-construals. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20(5), 580–591.

    Google Scholar 

  • Strobl, A., Niedermair, J., Matzler, K., & Mussner, T. (2019). Triggering Subordinate Innovation Behavior: The Influence of Leaders’ Dark Personality Traits and Level 5 Leadership Behavior. International Journal of Innovation Management, 23, 55–89.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tierney, P., & Farmer, S. M. (2001). Creative self-efficacy: Its potential antecedents and relationship to creative performance. Academy of Management Journal, 45(6), 1137–1148.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tierney, P., Farmer, S. M., & Graen, G. B. (1999). An examination of leadership and employee creativity: The relevance of traits and relationships. Personnel Psychology, 52(3), 591–620.

    Google Scholar 

  • To, A. T., Tran, T. S., Nguyen, K. O., & Thai, K. P. (2021). Applying conflict management styles to resolve task conflict and enhance team innovation. Emerging Science Journal, 5(5), 667–677.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tversky, A., & Kahneman, D. (1986). The framing of decisions and the evaluation of prospects. Studies in Logic & the Foundations of Mathematics, 114, 503–520.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Knippenberg, D., van Knippenberg, B., De Cremer, D., & Hogg, M. A. (2004). Leadership, self, and identity: A review and research agenda. Leadership Quarterly, 15, 825–856.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vandenberg, R. J., & Lance, C. E. (2000). A review and synthesis of the measurement invariance literature: Suggestions, practices, and recommendations for organizational research. Organizational Research Methods, 3(1), 4–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang, H. L., & Huang, Q. H. (2019). The dark side of feeling trusted for hospitality employees: An investigation in two service contexts. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 76, 122–131.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wang, Y., & Wang, L. (2016). Self-construal and creativity: The moderator effect of self-esteem. Personality and Individual Differences, 99, 184–189.

    Google Scholar 

  • Whitener, E. M., Brodt, S. E., Korsgaard, M. A., & Werner, J. M. (1998). Managers as initiators of trust: An exchange relationship framework for understanding managerial trustworthy behavior. Academy of Management Review, 23, 513–530.

    Google Scholar 

  • Woodman, R. W., Sawyer, J. E., & Griffin, R. W. (1993). Toward a theory of organizational creativity. Academy of Management Review, 18(2), 293–321.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yuan, F., & Woodman, R. W. (2010). Innovative behavior in the workplace: The role of performance and image outcome expectations. Academy of Management Journal, 53(2), 323–342.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, H., Kwan, H. K., Zhang, X., & Wu, L.-Z. (2014). High core self-evaluators maintain creativity: A motivational model of abusive supervision. Journal of Management, 40, 1151–1174.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, S., Ke, X., Frank Wang, X. H., & Liu, J. (2018). Empowering leadership and employee creativity: A dual mechanism perspective. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology., 91(4), 896–917.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, X. M., & Bartol, K. M. (2010). Linking empowering leadership and employee creativity: The influence of psychological empowerment, intrinsic motivation, and creative process engagement. Academy of Management Journal, 53(1), 107–128.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang, X., & Zhou, J. (2014). Empowering leadership, uncertainty avoidance, trust, and employee creativity: Interaction effects and a mediating mechanism. Organizational Behavior & Human Decision Processes, 124(2), 150–164.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhou, J., & George, J. M. (2001). When job dissatisfaction leads to creativity: Encouraging the expression of voice. Academy of Management Journal, 44(4), 682–696.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhou, J., & George, J. M. (2003). Awakening employee creativity: The role of leader emotional intelligence. The leadership quarterly, 14(4-5), 545–568.

  • Zhou, J., & Su, Y. (2010). A missing piece of the puzzle: The organizational context in cultural patterns of creativity. Management and Organization Review, 6, 391–413.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Author H.L., Wang has received research grants from National Natural Science foundation of China (72172047; 71872066)

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hongli Wang.

Additional information

Publisher's note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Wang, H., Huang, Q., Xu, X. et al. Employees’ feeling trusted, self-concept and creativity in collectivistic cultures. Curr Psychol 43, 8972–8988 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-04938-x

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-023-04938-x

Keywords

Navigation