Abstract
This manuscript reports the development and validation of the three-dimensional Grit Scale (3-D Grit Scale). The psychometric measure developed has three factors, Perseverance-Commitment (PC), Interest-Passion (IP), and Goal-directed Resilience (GR) through a series of five studies; study 1 (n = 409) for item analysis, study 2 (n = 334) for exploratory factor analysis, study 3 (n = 514) for confirmatory factor analysis and study 4 (n = 214) and 5 (n = 107) to assess the validity. The sample included students and working professionals aged between 18 and 25, residing in different parts of India. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses indicated that the scale excellently fits in the three-correlated factor model and the two-level hierarchical model indexing grit as a total of three first-order factors. The final 17-item 3-D Grit Scale showed adequate internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.86), and split-half reliability (Spearman-brown = 0.80, Guttman = 0.80). Validation studies showed that the scores of the 3-D Grit Scale were moderately correlated with (a) 12 item grit scale (Duckworth et al., 2007) and the brief resilience scale (smith et al., 2008), indicating good concurrent and convergent validities (b) conscientiousness revealing that both the constructs are mutually exclusive.
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Acknowledgments
Our sincere gratitude to B.Sc. Psychology (Hons.) students, Batch 2016, Christ University, Bangalore, India, for their initiatives in the early phase data collection for this project.
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The datasets generated during and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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The study was approved (or granted exemption) by the Institutional Review Board, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka – 560,029. We certify that the study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.
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Kuruveettissery, S., Gupta, S. & Rajan, S.K. Development and psychometric validation of the three dimensional grit scale. Curr Psychol 42, 5280–5289 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-01862-w
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-01862-w