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Mindfulness and Emotional Distress: the Mediating Role of Psychological well-Being

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Abstract

The present cross-sectional study aimed to clarify the relationships among specific facets of dispositional mindfulness, psychological well-being, and emotional distress. To understand the relationships among these variables is crucial in order to expand the knowledge of the processes underlying mindfulness effects and to develop effective interventions. The participants (119 Italian males and females; mean age = 29 years) completed self-report questionnaires assessing mindfulness (i.e., observing, describing, acting with awareness, non-judging of inner experience, non-reactivity to inner experience), emotional distress, and psychological well-being. Path analysis revealed that each facet of mindfulness played a unique role in influencing emotional suffering. In line with our prediction, no significant correlation emerged between the observing facet and either psychological well-being or emotional distress. Both the capacity to describe inner events and to act with awareness had an indirect effect on emotional distress, which was fully mediated by the perception of psychological well-being. On the other hand, the capacity for non-reacting to emotions and thoughts directly influenced emotional distress. Interestingly, non-judging inner events showed both a direct and indirect effect on the outcome variable. These findings confirmed the significant role of psychological well-being in mediating the relationship between some facets of mindfulness and emotional distress. Moreover, different mindfulness abilities play specific roles in reducing emotional distress, so mindfulness should be considered as a multidimensional construct.

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  1. Department of Health Sciences - Section of Psychology and Psychiatry, University of Florence, via di San Salvi, 12, 50135, Florence, Italy

    Duccio Baroni, Amanda Nerini & Cristina Stefanile

  2. Department of Education and Psychology - Section of Psychology, University of Florence, via di San Salvi, 12, 50135, Florence, Italy

    Camilla Matera

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  1. Duccio Baroni
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Correspondence to Duccio Baroni.

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Duccio Baroni declares that he has no conflict of interest. Amanda Nerini declares that she has no conflict of interest. Camilla Matera declares that she has no conflict of interest. Cristina Stefanile declares that she has no conflict of interest.

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Baroni, D., Nerini, A., Matera, C. et al. Mindfulness and Emotional Distress: the Mediating Role of Psychological well-Being. Curr Psychol 37, 467–476 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-016-9524-1

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