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The Bibimbap Migration Theory? Challenges of Korea’s Multicultural Mix and Social Integration Development

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Abstract

Migration was never a brand new phenomenon in South Korea, but its migration pattern has been redirected, migrant size has been amplified, and migrant ethnicity has been diversified in recent years. Korea is undergoing dramatic changes in its demographic composition with an increasing presence of foreigners since the 1990s. Traditionally known for its cultural uniqueness and ethnic homogeneousness, the ongoing inflow of foreigners has presented new challenges, as to who the Koreans are and how the modern Korean society should be defined. Some Koreans even raise concern over migration inflow as a threat to its nationhood purity. This research examines the shifting trend of immigration in Korea with a focus on the new social development of multiculturalism, while assessing the level of social integration and multicultural discourses of the public. In addition to those widely discussed marriage immigrants and foreign labor workers in the existing literature, the recent surge of professional expats, foreign teachers, and international students is becoming evident in Korea’s multicultural mix. Moreover, there is still a lack of literature on foreign migrants in Korea, including the US military service personnel, the foreign professional sports players, non-North Korean international refugees, and the latest, permanent residency immigrants through property investment in Korea. Despite the noted increasing inflow of a variety of immigrant residents, who are constantly shaping the new faces of Korea, the acceptance of ethnic diversity and cultural integration has yet to secure its solid place in the Korean society for multiculturalism to be truly embraced and flourished.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea Grant funded by the Korean Government (NRF-2013S1A5B8A01054225).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Multicultural Studies, Catholic University of Daegu, 13-13 Hayang Ro, Hayang Eup, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk, 38430, Republic of Korea

    Shawn Shen

  2. Department of Geography Education, College of Education, Catholic University of Daegu, 13-13 Hayang Ro, Hayang Eup, Gyeongsan-si, Gyeongbuk, 38430, Republic of Korea

    Shawn Shen

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Correspondence to Shawn Shen.

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Shen, S. The Bibimbap Migration Theory? Challenges of Korea’s Multicultural Mix and Social Integration Development. Int. Migration & Integration 18, 771–789 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-016-0489-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-016-0489-6

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