Abstract
Since the 1950s nation-state building theories have dominated the debate on immigration in Europe and in the United States. The incorporation processes of “uprooted” immigrants into a new society are traditionally explained in terms of assimilaton or (ethnic) pluralization. Only recently has a new concept of transational migration been emerging. Following work done previously by Basch and Faist, in this article it is tentatively argued: (a) that cultural transnationalization among immigrants is as important as political and economic transnationalization; and (b) that political opportunity structures in the nation of residence facilitate not only cultural transnationalization, but also the formation of transnational cultural elites. These propositions are illustrated by the rise and expansion of Surinam Dutch soccer stardom and by the rise of a transnational Turkish/Moroccan Dutch Islam and of Turkish/Moroccan Dutch religious (Islamic) leadership.
Résumé
Depuis les années 1950, les théories de l'édification des nations ont dominé le débat sur l'immigration en Europe et aux États-Unis. L'intégration d'immigrants “déracinés» dans une nouvelle société est traditionnellement expliquée par l'assimilation ou par la pluralisation ethnique. Ce n'est que récemment que le nouveau concept de la migration transnationale a vu le jour. Dans la foulée des travaux antérieurs de Basch et Faist, l'auteur tente de faire valoir: (a) que la transnationalisation culturelle chez les immigrants est aussi importante que la transnationalisation politique et économique, et (b) que les structures des possibilités politiques dans le pays de résidence facilitent non seulement la transnationalisation culturelle mais aussi la création d'élites culturelles transnationales. Ces propositions sont illustrées par la montée du vedettariat des joueurs de soccer surinamais-hollandais et par la montée d'un Islam transnational turc/marocain-hollandais et d'un leadership (islamique) religieux turc/marocain-hollandais.
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Rupp, J.C.C. Minority elite formation in transnational perspective: A plea for a research program, illustrated by two Dutch cases. Int. Migration & Integration 2, 187–205 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-001-1027-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-001-1027-7
Key words
- Transnational migration
- transnational social spaces
- transnational Islam
- transnational cultural capital
- minority elite formation