Abstract
Women and men are subject to different forms of human trafficking; sexual exploitation is more common for women than for men, and the purposes of trafficking follow gender roles. This article argues that Canadian immigration policies have differential and discriminatory impacts according to gender. We define human trafficking before critiquing two Canadian immigration programs that leave women vulnerable to exploitation. Interviews, questionnaires, and a review of official documents were employed in exploring the government's response to this phenomenon. Our findings suggest that given the nature of the international trafficking and exploitation of women in Canada, the government's focus on border control is ineffective in protecting trafficked women's human rights and the rights of migrants generally.
Résumé
Les femmes et les hommes font l'objet de trafic sous toutes sortes de formes mais on remarque que l'exploitation sexuelle est plus courante chez les femmes que chez les hommes et que les finalités du trafic humain ont une forte connotation de genre. Cet article vise à montrer que les politiques d'immigration canadiennes ont des impacts différentiels et discriminatoires selon le sexe. Nous y définirons le trafic des êtres humains avant de procéder à la critique de deux programmes qui rendent les femmes migrantes vulnérables à la critique de deux programmes qui rendent les femmes migrantes vulnérables à l'exploitation. Des entrevues, des questionnaires et une recension des documents officiels ont été utilisés pour explorer la réponse du gouvernement à ce phénomène. Nos résultats indiquent qu'étant donnée la nature du trafic international et de l'exploitation des femmes au Canada, l'accent mis par le gouvernement fédéral sur le contrôle des frontières est insuffisant pour protéger les droits humains des femmes ainsi que les droits des immigrants en général.
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Oxman-Martinez, J., Martinez, A. & Hanley, J. Trafficking women: Gendered impacts of Canadian immigration policies. Int. Migration & Integration 2, 297–313 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-001-1000-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12134-001-1000-5