Abstract
This study explores how social capital and socioeconomic variations in slum areas influence the fostering of social trust and confidence in the institutions. Through a multivariate analysis using 497 households in slum areas of Addis Ababa, the paper investigates how social capital dimensions and human and economic characteristics of the households are related to social trust and confidence in the institutions. It is shown that social trust and confidence in institutions are highly associated with increased participation in local associations and pattern of reciprocity among inhabitants. These findings provide qualified support for the systemic model of local social organization but challenge theories of social disorganization that predict lower levels of social capital in impoverished communities.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adler, P. S., & Kwon, S.-W. (2002). Social capital: prospects for a new concept. The Academy of Management Review, 27, 17–40.
Baland, J.-M., & Platteau, J.-P. (1997). Wealth inequality and efficiency in the commons: part I: the unregulated case. Oxford Economic Papers, 49, 451–482.
Berner, E. (1997). Defending the city: localities and the struggle for urban land in Metro Manila. Manila: Ateneo de Manila University Press.
Berner, E., & Korff, R. (1995). Globalization and local resistance: the creation of localities in Manila and Bangkok. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 19(2), 208–222.
Bourdieu, P. (Ed.). (1986). The forms of capital. New York: Greenwood.
Bridger, J. C., & Alter, T. R. (2003). Place, community development, and social capital. New York: Ithaca. Paper presented at the meeting of the Community Development Society.
Bursik, R. J. (1988). Social disorganization and theory of crime and delinquency: problems and prospects. Criminology, 519–551.
Burt, R. (1992). Structural holes: the social structure of competition. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Burt, R. (1997). The contingent value of social capital. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42, 339–365.
Burt, R. (1998). The gender of social capital. Rationality and Society, 10, 5–46.
Burt, R. (2000). The network structure of social capital. In R. I. Sutton & B. M. Straw (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior. Greenwich: JAI.
Burt, R. (2001). Structural holes versus network closure as social capital. In R. Burt (Ed.), Social capital: theory and research. New York: Aldine de Gruyter.
Byrne, D. (1971). The attraction paradigm. New York: Academic.
Coleman, J. (1987). Norms as social capital. In G. Radnitzky & P. Bernholz (Eds.), Economic imperialism: the economic approach outside the field of economics. New York: Paragon.
Coleman, J. (1988). Social capital in creation of human capital. American Journal of Sociology. Supplementary: 94, S95–S120.
Coleman, J. (1990). Foundation of social theory. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
CSA. (2007). Population and housing census report—Addis Ababa region. Addis Ababa: Central Statistics Agency.
Dasgupta, P., & Serageldin, I. (Eds.). (1999). Social capital: a multifaceted perspective. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
Dejene, A. (2001). NGOs and self-help organizations in Addis Ababa: the case of Ider. Paper presented at the workshop on self-help initiative in Ethiopia, Addis Ababa.
Ejigu, A. G. (2014). History, modernity, and the making of an African spatiality: Addis Ababa in perspective. Urban Forum, 25, 267–293.
Fukuyama, F. (1995). Trust: the social virtues and the creation of prosperity. New York: Free.
Giddens, A. (1984). The constitution of society. Los Angeles: University of California Press.
Granovetter, M. (1973). The strength of weak ties. American Journal of Sociology, 78.
Granovetter, M. (1985). Economic action and social structure. American Journal of Sociology, 91, 481–510.
Grootaert, G. (1999). Social capital, houshold welfare and poverty in Indonesia: local level insititutions study. Working paper No. 6. Social Development Department. World Bank.
Kornhauser, R. (1978). Social sources of delinquency. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Kumlin, S., & Rothstein, B. (2005). Making and breaking social capital. Comparative Political Studies, 38(4), 339–365.
Lin, N. (1999). Social networks and status attainment. Annual Review of Sociology, 25, 467–487.
Luhmann, N. (2000). Familiarity, confidence, trust: problems and alternatives. In D. Gambetta (ed), Trust: making and breaking cooperative relations, electronic edition. Department of Sociology, University of Oxford, http://www.sociology.ox.ac.uk/papers/luhmann94-107.pdf.
McPherson, J. M., & Smith-Lovin, L. (1982). Women and weak ties: sex differences in the size of voluntary associations. American Journal of Sociology, 87, 883–904.
Narayan, D. (1999). Bond and bridges: social capital and poverty. Washington, DC.: World Bank, Working Paper No. 2167.
Pankhurst, R. (1961). Menelik and the foundation of Addis Ababa. Journal of African History, 1, 103–117.
Parisi, D., Grice, M. S., Taquino, M., & Gill, A. D. (2002). Building capacity for community efficacy for economic development in Mississippi. Journal of the Community Development Society, 33(2), 19–38.
Pender, J., & Scherr, S. J. (1999). Organizational Development and Natural Resource Management. Policy Research Institute. (Series: EPTD Discussion Paper) (Working Paper) http://dlc.dlib.indiana.edu/documents/dir0/00/00/04/67/
Portes, A., & Sensenbrenner, J. (1993). Embeddedness and immigration: notes on the social determinants of economic action. American Journal of Sociology, 98, 1320–1350.
Putnam, R. D. (1995). Commenton the Institutional and Governance of Economic Development and Reform. pp. 198–200. in World Bank annula conference on Development Economics, 1994. edited by Bruno and Pleskovic, B. Washington D. C. World Bank.
Putnam, R. D. (2000). Bowling alone: the collapse and revival of American community. New York: The Brookings Institution.
Putnam, R. D., Leonardi, R., & Nanetti, R. (1993). Making democracy work: civic traditions in modern Italy. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Richard, P., & Roberts, B. (1998). Social network, social capital, popular organizations, and urban poverty. Research note presented at the seminar on urban poverty sponsored by ALOP and The World Bank, Rio de Janeiro, May 14–16.
Sampson, R. J. (1988). Local friendship ties and community attachment in mass society: a multilevel systematic model. American Sociological Review, 53, 766–779.
Sampson, R. J., Morenoff, D. J., & Earls, F. (1999). Beyond social capital: spatial dynamics of collective efficacy for children. American Sociological Review, 64, 633–660.
Samson, K. (2004). Social capital for synergic partnership: development of slum areas in urban Ethiopia. Gottingen: Cuvillier.
Schilderman, T. (Ed.). (2002). Strengthening the knowledge and information systems of the urban poor. Rugby: ITDG.
Siegrist, M., Earle, T. C., & Gutscher, H. (2003). Test of a trust and confidence model in the applied context of electromagnetic field (EMF) risks. Risk Analysis, 23(4), 705–716.
Stolle, D. (1998). Bowling together, bowling alone: the development of generalized trust in voluntary associations. Political Psychology, 19(3), 497–526.
Swaroop, S., & Morenoff, D.J. (2004). Building community: the neighborhood context of local social organization. University of Michigan: Population Study Center, The Institute for Social Research
Tirfe, M. (1999). The paradox of African poverty: the role of indigenous knowledge, traditional practices and local institutions—the case of Ethiopia. Asmara: Red Sea.
UNFPA. (2008). Summary and statistical report of the 2007 population and housing census of Ethiopia. Addis Ababa: Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia Census Commission.
Uslaner, E.M. (2002). Trust and social bonds: faith in others and policy outcomes reconsidered. Political Research Quarterly, 57(3), 501–507.
Woolcock, M., & Nayaran, D. (2000). Social capital: implications for development theory, research and policy. World Bank Research Observer, 15(2), 225–250.
Yamagishi, T. (1998). The structure of trust: the evolutionary game of mind and society. Tokyo: University of Tokyo Press.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Kassahun, S. Social Capital and Trust in Slum Areas: the Case of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Urban Forum 26, 171–185 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12132-014-9235-3
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12132-014-9235-3