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The Anthropological and Ethnographic Approaches to Social Representations Theory – an Empirical Meta-Theoretical Analysis

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Abstract

Part of a larger project aimed at performing an empirical meta-theoretical analysis of the entire corpus of scientific literature on Social Representations Theory (SRT), this research presents the state of the art of the anthropological and ethnographic approaches to SRT. Applying the Grid for Meta-Theoretical Analysis on 295 publications selected from the So.Re.Com“A.S. de Rosa”@-library, we compiled a rich set of meta-data and data illustrative of how SRT was conceptualized and operationalized within the anthropological and ethnographic approaches, as well as its positioning among other theoretical and disciplinary frameworks. The data was submitted to textual analysis, followed by a Hierarchical Clustering on Principal Components analysis. The empirical results suggest that from a theoretical standpoint, the anthropological and ethnographic approaches - inspired by its main exponents Jodelet (1991, 2016) and Duveen and Lloyd, (1986, 1993) - are consistent with the dynamic conceptualization of social representations set out by Moscovici (1961/1976, 1984/2003, 1988, 2000, 2013), as revolutionary paradigm that has shifted the emphasis of social psychology from looking at isolated variables in individuals in the abstract, towards a supra-disciplinary integrative vision of a social science, that investigates the genesis, transformation and negotiation of social representations in the communicative actual contexts (Billig 1991; de Rosa 2013a, b; Sammut et al. 2015a). From an empirical perspective, the variety of qualitative methods employed were open to investigate socio-cultural dimensions and symbolic universes, reflecting the integrative tradition of SRT that bridges diverse neighbouring disciplines in an effort towards a multifaceted perspective on the object of study.

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Notes

  1. Some of the approaches are often confined in specific circles of the so called ‘school of Aix’ at the time directed by Abric as regards the structural approach or the ‘school of Geneva’ at the time led by Doise for the socio-dynamic approach, etc. However it is interesting to look at the epidemiology of ideas, empirically reconstructing - through the meta-theoretical analysis - the dissemination of these approaches over the decades and across different research centres in various continents/countries worldwide, also analysing the role of networking within the scientific community inspired by Social Representation Theory, by looking “who is working with whom, when, and on what, by using which approach”

  2. These include, among others, the bi-Annual International Conferences on Social Representations (I.C.S.R.) and Jornada Internacional sobre Representaçoes Sociais (J.I.R.S.) and the serial dedicated training events (http://www.europhd.eu/international-summer-schoolsand http://www.europhd.eu/international-lab-meetings) organised since 1995 by the European/International Joint Ph.D in Social Representations and Communication.

  3. Prior to the statistical analysis based on lexical analysis of the abstracts, using the Grid for meta-theoretical analysis the ad hoc trained analysers have detected very carefully not only which are for example the specific theoretical constructs of the Social Representations theory and other theories and disciplinary approaches in social sciences elicited by the authors in their texts, but also at which purpose with reference to the Social Representation theory (integration, differentiation, comparison….). Therefore the results based on the lexical analysis of the abstracts are also contextualised in a large framework of results, that - due to the limit of space - could not be presented in this article, but that are objects of other publications included in the list of references for readers interested to expand their knowledge on this multi-year research program.

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Acknowledgments and Funding

This article was part of a wider European Commission-funded project [Grant Agreement PITN-GA-2013-607279 - So.Re.Com. Joint-IDP, ITN-People MSCA-IDP 2013, no. 6072799].

The article reflects the views of the authors only and the European Commission is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. European/International Joint PhD in Social Representations and Communication Research Centre and Multimedia Lab, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazza Cavalieri di Malta, 2, 00153, Rome, Italy

    Annamaria Silvana de Rosa

  2. Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, Str. Toma Cozma, nr.3, 700554, Iasi, Romania

    Laura Arhiri

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de Rosa, A.S., Arhiri, L. The Anthropological and Ethnographic Approaches to Social Representations Theory – an Empirical Meta-Theoretical Analysis. Integr. psych. behav. (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12124-020-09559-8

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