Skip to main content
Log in

“Fishermen”: Masculinity and sexuality in a Brazilian fishing community

  • Articles
  • Published:
Sexuality and Culture Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This ethnography research attempts to detect the male perception and behavior on sexual and gender relations in a small and simple life style fishing village on the south Atlantic Coast of Brazil. The fieldwork lasted six months and consists of personal participant observation and long personal interviews with 41 men ranging in terms of sexual orientation from 0 to 6 according to Kinsey’s scale. In summary, perceptions and behaviors in this “simple society” are very atypical in relation to professional middle class in urban area of southeast of Brazil. In this society even many “straight” men customarily have sex with local “gay” men. The local “gay” men, called “paneleiros”, present a homosexual behavior typical to other societies. In comparison to other cross-cultural research the outcome of this case study suggests that it is possible to have at least three different categories of male sexuality: men who have sex only with other men, men who have sex only with women, and men who have sex with men and women; In addition it brings more concrete evidence to the current literature that suggests some kind of universal homosexual identity at least for people who are close to 6 in Kinsey’s scale.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bell, A., Weinberg, M. & Hammersmith, S. (1981). Sexual preference: Its development in men and women. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boswell, J. (1995). Same-sex unions: in Premodern Europe. New York: Vintage Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cardoso, F. L. (1994). Orientação sexual masculina em uma comunidade pesqueira. Dissertação de Mestrado. Florianópolis: Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Sociais, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cardoso, F. L. (1996). O que orientação sexual? São Paulo: Editora Braziliense.

    Google Scholar 

  • Diamond, M. (1992). Homosexuality and bisexuality in different populations. Archives of Sexual Behavior, jun.

  • Fry, P. (1982). Para inglês ver. Rio de Janeiro: Zahar.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fry, P. & MacRae, E. (1983). O que é homossexualidade? São Paulo: Editora Braziliense.

    Google Scholar 

  • Green, J. (1999). Beyond carnival: Male homosexuality in twenty century in Brazil. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Green, R. (1987). The sissy boy syndrome and the development of homosexuality. New Haven: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Instituto Brasileira de Geografia e Estatística. (1992). Estimativa populacional de 1992. Brasília: Instituto Brasileira de Geografia e Estatística, Ministério da Economia, Fazenda e Planejamento.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kinsey, A. (1948). Sexual behavior in the human male. Philadelphia/London: W. B. Saunders Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kinsey, A., Pomeroy, W., Martin, C., & Gebhard, P. (1953). Sexual behavior in the human female. Philadelphia: Saunders Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • La Vay, S. (1996). Queer science: The use and abuse of research into homosexuality. London: MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lacerda, E. (1992). Farra do Boi: A História e a Polemica, In: R. Bastos (Ed.), Dionísio em Santa Catarina: Ensaios sobre a Farra do Boi. Florianópolis: Ed. UFSC/FCC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lancaster, R. (1988). Subject honor and object shame: the construction of male homosexuality and stigma in Nicaragua. Ethnology, 27, 111–125.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lindholm, C. T. (1982). Generosity and Jealous: the Swat Pukhtun of Northern Pakistan. New York: Columbia.

    Google Scholar 

  • MaRae, E. (1990). A construção da igualdade: identidade sexual e política no Brasil da “abertura”. Campinas: Editora da UNICAMP.

    Google Scholar 

  • Michael, R., Gagnon, J., Laumann, E., & Kolata, G. (1994). Sex in America: A definitive survey. Boston: Little, Brown and Company.

    Google Scholar 

  • Money, J. (1986). Love maps: Clinical concepts of sexual/erotic health and pathology, paraphilia, and gender transposition in childhood, adolesence, and maturity. New York: Irvington Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Murray, S. & Roscoe, W. (1997). Islamic homosexualities: culture, history, and literature. New York: New York University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nanda, S. (1986). The Hijras of India: Cultural and individual dimensions of an institutionalized third gender role. In E. Blackwood (Ed.), The many faces of homosexuality: Anthropological approach to homosexual behavior. New York: Harrington Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Necef, M. (1992). Turkey on the brink of masculinity: a guide for Scandinavian gays. In A. Schmitt & J. Sofer (Eds.), Sexuality and eroticism among males in Moslem societies. New York: Harrington Park Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parker, R. (1991). Bodies, pleasures and passions: sexual culture in contemporary Brazil. Boston: Beacon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parker, R. (1999). Beneath the Equator: Cultures of desire, male homosexuality, and emerging gay communities in Brazil. New York: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Santos, S. C. (1971). A zona rural na Ilha de Santa Catarina. In S. Santos (ed.), Ensaios sobre sociologia e desenvolvimento em Santa Catarina. Florianópolis: Edeme.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stoller, R. (1993). Presentations of gender. London: Yale University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, C. (1986). Mexican male homosexual interaction in public contexts. In E. Blackwood (Ed.), Anthropology and homosexual behavior (pp. 117–136). New York: The Hayworth Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Werner, D. (1998). Sobre a evolução e variação cultural na homossexualidade masculina. In J. Pedro & M. Grossi (Eds.), Masculino, feminino, plural. florianópolis: Editora Mulheres. English translation at www.dennis.floripa.com.br

    Google Scholar 

  • Werner, D. (1999). Sexo, símbolo e solidariedade. Florianópolis (SC), Brasil: Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina.

    Google Scholar 

  • Werner, D. (2000). Homosexuality and Hierarchy. International Behavioral Development Symposium: Biological Basis Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity, and Gender-Typical Behavior. Minot State University.

  • Whitam, F. (1983). Culturally invariable properties of male homosexuality: Tentative conclusions from cross-cultural research. Archives of Sexual Behavior, vol. 12, n. 3.

  • Wikan, U. (1977). Man becomes woman: Transexualism in Oman as a key to gender roles. Man, 12, 304–319.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Assistant professor at Santa Catarina State University (Brazil) and scholarship and grant recipient from CAPES (Brazil).

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Cardoso, F.L. “Fishermen”: Masculinity and sexuality in a Brazilian fishing community. Sexuality and Culture 6, 45–72 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12119-002-1009-8

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12119-002-1009-8

Keywords

Navigation