Abstract
The study compared the clinical profile and outcomes of Japanese encephalitis (JE) and acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) in children. Fifty-six consecutive children with symptoms fulfilling the WHO clinical case definition of AES from June 2018 to June 2020 were included in the study. All patients who tested positive for either serum or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) anti-JE-IgM antibodies were JE patients (n = 24) and compared with non-JE AES cases (n = 32). Fever, seizures, and altered sensorium were the most common presenting symptoms. Low GCS, status epilepticus, meningeal irritation, raised CSF protein, and INR > 1.5 of JE children showed significant association with mortality (p value < 0.05), whereas only low GCS showed significant association in non-JE AES cases. The JE-specific mortality rate was 29%, which was less than the mortality rate of non-JE AES children at 41%. Both JE and non-JE AES children had a similar clinical profile, but only the JE children’s poor clinical and laboratory parameters were associated with adverse outcomes.
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Acknowledgements
The authors acknowledge the Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology for providing funding, guidance, and resources to carry out the study. They also thank the Department of Microbiology at MGIMS for providing the infrastructure needed to carry out the laboratory work.
Funding
This work was a part of a multicentric project led by the Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology and was funded by the Indian Council of Medical Research with grant number ICMR/VIR/2/2018/ECD-I.
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MJ, SJ, and RN conceptualized the study; SJ and VC classified the patients and finalized the diagnosis; AI enrolled the patients, collected the patient’s data, and drafted the manuscript; RN, BVT, and ST oversaw the lab diagnosis; BVT, MJ, SJ, and RN revised the manuscript for critically important content. All the authors reviewed the final draft of the manuscript and approved the final version. MJ will act as the guarantor for this paper.
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Itihas, A., Jategaonkar, S., Jain, M. et al. Comparison of Clinical Profile and Outcomes of Japanese Encephalitis and Acute Encephalitis Syndrome among Rural Children. Indian J Pediatr 90, 1038–1040 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-022-04424-5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-022-04424-5