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Early Atopic Sensitization to House-Dust Mite in Children with Recurrent Wheeze—A Cross-Sectional Study

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Abstract

Objectives

To determine sensitization to house-dust mite (HDM) antigen in under-five children with recurrent wheeze, compare it with nonwheezers, and assess atopic comorbidities in them.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was done in the Pediatric department of a teaching hospital in North India, in 190 children aged 1–5 y. Out of these, 127 had recurrent wheeze (RW), and 63 had no wheeze (NW). Sensitivity was done by skin prick test (SPT) for two dust mites antigens: Dermatophagoide farinae and Dermatophagoide pteronyssinus antigens. In addition, atopic comorbidities like atopic dermatitis and allergic rhinitis were assessed.

Results

Mean age of the study population was 34.52 ± 20.50 mo. SPT positivity for either of the dust mites was 97 (76.4%) in RW and 13 (20.6%) in NW which was significant (p < 0.001, aOR = 12.27). HDM species sensitization for D. pteronyssinus was 55.1% vs. 15.9% (p < 0.001 aOR = 7.81) and D. farinae was 39.4% vs. 9.5% (p < 0.001, aOR = 5.45) in groups, respectively. Mean wheal size in RW Group was also significantly higher than NW group for D. pteronyssinus (2.39 ± 1.44 vs. 0.52 ± 1.19 mm, median (IQR) 3 (1-3), p < 0.001), D. farinae (1.80 ± 1.39 vs. 0.32 ± 1.00 mm, median (IQR) 2 (0–3), p < 0.001). Allergic rhinitis was present in 55 (43.3%) vs. 7 (11.1%) (p < 0.001), atopic dermatitis in 28 (22%) vs. 2 (3.2%) (p = 0.001) in group 1 and 2, respectively. All children with allergic rhinitis had HDM sensitization in both groups.

Conclusion

This study showed early sensitization to HDM in children with recurrent wheeze. Atopic comorbidities were also present in them.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge all the children and their parents for being part of the study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Era’s Lucknow Medical College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Nitin Mohan & Archana Kumar

  2. Department of Pediatrics, Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226010, India

    Shetanshu Srivastava

  3. Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Era’s Lucknow Medical College, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Rajendra Prasad

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  1. Nitin Mohan
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  2. Shetanshu Srivastava
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  3. Rajendra Prasad
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  4. Archana Kumar
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Contributions

NM, SS, RP, AK contributed to the study conception and design; NM and SS performed the material preparation, data collection, and analysis; SS wrote the first draft of the manuscript and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript. RP will act as the guarantor for this paper.

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Correspondence to Shetanshu Srivastava.

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Mohan, N., Srivastava, S., Prasad, R. et al. Early Atopic Sensitization to House-Dust Mite in Children with Recurrent Wheeze—A Cross-Sectional Study. Indian J Pediatr 90, 766–769 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-022-04215-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-022-04215-y

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