Abstract
The prevalence of celiac disease (CD) in Indian children is not well documented, with most of the studies focusing on high-risk groups and not the general population. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of CD in asymptomatic school children of Jaipur, Rajasthan. A cross- sectional study was conducted among healthy school children of Jaipur. Demographic data, symptoms, and signs including dermatological examination were recorded. The screening for CD was done by ELISA-based anti–tissue transglutaminase (tTG) immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibody testing. Children with high IgA anti-tTG underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy for small bowel biopsy from the second part of the duodenum. This study involved 575 subjects, out of which, 6 (1.04%) were found to be IgA tissue transglutaminase antibody (IgA-tTG) positive. All 6 subjects were found to be having changes consistent with celiac disease on duodenal biopsy. To conclude, the calculated prevalence of celiac disease was 1 in 96 subjects.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
References
Yachha SK, Misra S, Malik AK, Nagi B, Mehta S. Spectrum of malabsorption syndrome in north Indian children. Indian J Gastroenterol. 1993;12:120–5.
Sood A, Midha V, Sood N, Avasthi G, Sehgal A. Prevalence of celiac disease among school children in Punjab. North India J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2006;21:1622–5.
Farrell RJ, Kelly CP. Celiac sprue. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:180–8.
Collin P, Kaukinen K, Välimäki M, Salmi J. Endocrinological disorders and celiac disease. Endocr Rev. 2002;23:464–83.
Oberhuber G, Granditsch G, Vogelsang H. The histopathology of coeliac disease: time for a standardized report scheme for pathologists. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1999;11:1185–94.
Al-Hussaini A, Troncone R, Khormi M, et al. Mass screening for celiac disease among school-aged children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2017;65:646–51.
Not T, Horvath K, Hill ID, et al. Celiac disease risk in the USA: high prevalence of antiendomysium antibodies in healthy blood donors. Scand J Gastroenterol. 1998;33:494–8.
Catassi C, Fabiani E, Rätsch IM, et al. The coeliac iceberg in Italy. A multicentre antigliadin antibodies screening for coeliac disease in school–age subjects. Acta Paediatr Suppl. 1996;412:29–35.
Weile I, Grodzoinsky E, Skogh T, Jordal R, Cavell B, Krasilnikoff PA. High prevalence rates of adult silent coeliac disease, as seen in Sweden, must be expected in Denmark. APMIS. 2001;109:745–50.
Acknowledgements
The authors thank Mrs. Meera Saxena and Mrs. Mansi Saxena, Principals of the rural and urban schools of Jaipur, respectively for their assistance.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
KD, SR, SN, HB: Acquisition, analysis and interpretation of the data; GG, MJ, NS, MN, Shivi N: Study conception, design, supervision, drafting of the article and critical revision for important intellectual content, and final approval of the version to be published. SN will act as the guarantor for this paper.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of Interest
None.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Dhingra, K., Ratra, S., Gupta, G. et al. Redefining Celiac Iceberg in Children in North India—Do Asymptomatic Subjects Need Screening?. Indian J Pediatr 89, 399–401 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-021-04050-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-021-04050-7