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siRNA and targeted delivery systems in breast cancer therapy

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Abstract

Recently, nucleic acid drugs have been considered as promising candidates in treatment of various diseases, especially cancer. Because of developing resistance to conventional chemotherapy, use of genetic tools in cancer therapy appears inevitable. siRNA is a RNAi tool with capacity of suppressing target gene. Owing to overexpression of oncogenic factors in cancer, siRNA can be used for suppressing those pathways. This review emphasizes the function of siRNA in treatment of breast tumor. The anti-apoptotic-related genes including Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and survivin can be down-regulated by siRNA in triggering cell death in breast cancer. STAT3, STAT8, Notch1, E2F3 and NF-κB are among the factors with overexpression in breast cancer that their silencing by siRNA paves the way for impairing tumor proliferation and invasion. The oncogenic mechanisms in drug resistance development in breast tumor such as lncRNAs can be suppressed by siRNA. Furthermore, siRNA reducing P-gp activity can increase drug internalization in tumor cells. Because of siRNA degradation at bloodstream and low accumulation at tumor site, nanoplatforms have been employed for siRNA delivery to suppress breast tumor progression via improving siRNA efficacy in gene silencing. Development of biocompatible and efficient nanostructures for siRNA delivery can make milestone progress in alleviation of breast cancer patients.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Sepideh Mirzaei

  2. Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Sepideh Mirzaei, Mahshid Deldar Abad Paskeh, Maliheh Entezari, Vahideh Javadian Ghaleh, Shamin rezaei, Elahe Sadat Hejazi, Amirabbas Kakavand, Mitra Behroozaghdam, Afshin Taheriazam & Mehrdad Hashemi

  3. Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Mahshid Deldar Abad Paskeh, Maliheh Entezari & Mehrdad Hashemi

  4. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Health Research Institute of Aragon-University of Zaragoza, 50013, Saragossa, Spain

    Seyed Hesamoddin Bidooki

  5. Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Abolfazl Movafagh

  6. Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Afshin Taheriazam

  7. Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran

    Saeed Samarghandian

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Mirzaei, S., Paskeh, M.D.A., Entezari, M. et al. siRNA and targeted delivery systems in breast cancer therapy. Clin Transl Oncol 25, 1167–1188 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-022-03043-y

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