Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Toxicity of Crude Extracellular Products of Aeromonas hydrophila on Rohu, Labeo rohita (Ham.)

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Indian Journal of Microbiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In the present study the haemolytic and proteolytic activity of extracellular products (ECP) secreted from Aeromonas hydrophila (CAHH14 strain) were studied with respect to temperature and different time of incubation as well as its lethal toxicity on rohu, Labeo rohita. The strain was isolated from Catla catla (showing abdominal dropsy symptom) collected from the pond of Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture (CIFA), Bhubaneswar, India and was characterized on the basis of biochemical tests. The highest production of haemolysin was achieved when the bacteria was grown at 35°C for 30 h. The proteolytic activity was found to be highest when the bacterium was grown at 30°C for 36 h. The haemolytic and proteolytic toxin produced by Aeromonas hydrophila was found to be lethal to rohu (LD50 1.7 × 104 cfu/ml). The lethality of ECP was decreased by heating and completely inactivated by boiling at 100°C for 10 min. This indicates that protease activity and haemolytic activity of A. hydrophila ECP was temperature dependant.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Smith P (2006) Break points for disc diffusion susceptibility testing of bacteria associated with fish diseases, a review of current practice. Aquaculture 261:1113–1121

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Rahman HM, Kawai K, Kusuda R (1997) Virulence of starved Aeromonas hydrophila to cyprinid fish. Fish Pathol 32:163–168

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Nayak KK, Mukherjee SC, Das BK (1999) Observation on different strains of Aeromonas hydrophila from various diseased fishes. Indian J Fish 46:245–250

    Google Scholar 

  4. Rahman MH, Somsiri T, Tajima K, Ezura Y (2004) Distribution of Aeromonas sp. emphasizing on a newly identified species of Aeromonas sp. T8 isolated from fish and aquatic animals in Southeast Asia. Pak J Biol Sci 7:258–268

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Rahman MH, Huys G, John AM, Kuhn I, Mollby R (2007) Persistence, transmission, and virulence characteristics of Aeromonas strains in a duckweed aquaculture-based hospital sewage water recycling plant in Bangladesh. Appl Environ Microbiol 73:1444–1451

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Tonguthai K (1985) Preliminary account of ulcerative fish diseases in the Indo-Pacific Region. FAO/TCP/RAS/4508 Project, pp 7–18

  7. Torres JL, Shariff M, Law AT (1989) Identification and virulence screening of Aeromonas sp. isolated from healthy and epizootic ulcerative syndrome infected fish. In: Proceedings of the Society of Asian Fisheries Forum, Tokyo, Japan, pp 17–22

  8. Shome R, Shome BR, Mazumder Y, Das A, Kumar A, Rahman H, Bujarbaruah KM (2005) Abdominal dropsy disease in major carps of Meghalaya: isolation and characterization of Aeromonas hydrophila. Curr Sci 88:1897–1900

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Trower CJ, Abo S, Majeed KN, Von Itzstein M (2000) Production of an enterotoxin by a gastro-enteritis-associated Aeromonas strain. J Med Microbiol 48:121–126

    Google Scholar 

  10. de Scoaris D, Colacite J, Nakamura CV, Ueda-Nakamura T, de Aberu Filho BA, Filho Dias BP (2008) Virulence and antibiotic susceptibility of Aeromonas spp. isolated from drinking water. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 93:111–122

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Pansare AC, Lewis NF, Venugopal V (1986) Characterization of extracellular proteases of Aeromonas hydrophila. Agric Biol Chem 50:1743–1749

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Esteve C, Birbeck TH (2004) Secretion of haemolysins and proteases by Aeromonas hydrophila EO63: separation and characterization of the serine protease (caseinase) and the metalloprotease (elastase). J Appl Microbiol 96:994–1001

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Pembertona JM, Kidd SP, Schmidt R (1997) Secreted enzymes of Aeromonas. FEMS Microbiol Lett 152:1–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Allan BJ, Stevenson RMW (1981) Extracellular virulence factors of Aeromonas hydrophila in fish infection. Can J Microbiol 27:1114–1122

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Yu HB, Kaur R, Lim S, Wang HX, Leung KY (2006) Characterization of extracellular proteins of Aeromonas hydrophila-AH-1. Proteom Clin Appl 7:436–449

    Google Scholar 

  16. Subashkumar R, Theyumanavan T, Vivekanandhan G, Perumalsamy L (2006) Multiple antibiotic resistant, haemolytic and proteolytic activity of Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from acute gastroenteritis in children. Indian J Med Res 23:61–66

    Google Scholar 

  17. Kanai K, Wakabayashi H (1984) Purification and some properties of proteases from Aeromonas hydrophila. Bull Jpn Soc Sci Fish 50:1367–1374

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Sakai DK (1985) Electrostatic mechanism of survival of virulent strains in river water. Appl Environ Microbiol 51:1343–1349

    Google Scholar 

  19. Popoff M, Veron M (1976) A taxonomic study of Aeromonas hydrophila and Aeromonas punctata group. J Gen Microbiol 94:11–22

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Khalil AH, Mansour EH (1997) Toxicity of crude extracellular products of Aeromonas hydrophila in tilapia, Tilapia nilotica. Lett Appl Microbiol 25:269–273

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Sirirat T, Intuseth J, Chanphong J, Thompson K, Chinabut S, Adams A (1999) Characterization of Aeromonas hydrophila extracellular products with reference to toxicity, virulence, protein profiles and antigenicity. Asian Fish Sci 12:371–379

    Google Scholar 

  22. Kwapinski JB (1965) Methods of serological research. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  23. Reed LJ, Muench H (1938) A simple method for estimating 50 percent end points. Am J Hyg 27:493–497

    Google Scholar 

  24. Shotts EB, Rimler R (1973) Medium for the isolation Aeromonas hydrophila. J Appl Microbiol 26:550–553

    Google Scholar 

  25. Nayak KK (1993) Studies on the role of various strains of Aeromonas hydrophila in fish diseases. Ph.D. thesis

  26. Thankappan A, Das BK, Barman HK, Samal SK (2008) Genetic fingerprinting of Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from diseased fresh water fishes of Eastern India. e-planet 6:1–6

    Google Scholar 

  27. Venugopal V, Alur MD, Lewis NF (1983) Extracellular protease from Pseudomonas morinoglutinosa: some properties and its action on fish actinomysin. J Food Sci 48:671–674

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Bernheimer AW (1988) Assay of hemolytic toxins. In: Harshman S (ed) Microbial toxins: tools in enzymology. Academic Press, London, pp 213–217

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  29. Gonzalez-Serrano CJ, Santosh JA, Garcia-Lopez ML, Otero A (2002) Virulence marker in Aeromonas hydrophila and Aeromonas biovar sobria isolates from freshwater fish. J Appl Microbiol 93:414–419

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Mateos D, Anguita J, Naharro G, Paniagua C (1993) Influence of growth temperature on the production of extracellular virulence factors and pathogenicity of environmental and human strains of Aeromonas hydrophila. J Appl Bacteriol 74:111–118

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Cahill MM (1990) Virulence factors in Aeromonas species. A review. J Appl Bacteriol 69:1–16

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Santosh JA, Gonzalez CJ, Lopez TM, Gracia-Lopez ML, Otero A (1996) Extracellular protease production by dairy strains of Aeromonas hydrophila as affected by growth media and incubation temperature. Food Microbiol 13:47–51

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Mittal KR, Lalonde KK, Leblanc D, Olivier G, Lallier R (1980) Aeromonas hydrophila in rainbow trout: relation between virulence and surface characteristic. Can J Microbiol 26:1501–1503

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Inamura H, Muroga K, Nakai T (1984) Toxicity of extracellular products of Vibrio anguillarum. Fish Pathol 19:89–96

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fish Health Management Division, Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture, Kausalyaganga, Bhubaneswar, India

    Ipsita Sahu, B. K. Das, Nilima Marhual, M. Samanta, B. K. Mishra & A. E. Eknath

Authors
  1. Ipsita Sahu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. B. K. Das
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Nilima Marhual
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. M. Samanta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. B. K. Mishra
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. A. E. Eknath
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to B. K. Das.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Sahu, I., Das, B.K., Marhual, N. et al. Toxicity of Crude Extracellular Products of Aeromonas hydrophila on Rohu, Labeo rohita (Ham.). Indian J Microbiol 51, 515–520 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-011-0182-6

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-011-0182-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation