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In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Acacia catechu and Its Phytochemical Analysis

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Abstract

Acacia catechu, commonly known as catechu, cachou and black cutch is an important medicinal plant and an economically important forest tree. The methanolic extract of this plant was found to have antimicrobial activities against six species of pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms: Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. The maximum zone of inhibition (20 mm) was found to be exhibited against S. aureus. For this organism the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of the crude extract was 1,000 μg/ml. The extract was found to be equally effective against gram positive and gram negative bacteria. The antimicrobial activity of the extract was found to be decreased during purification. The chemical constituents of organic plant extracts were separated by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and the plant extracts were purified by column chromatography and were further identified by Gas chromatography–mass selection (GC–MS) analysis. The composition of A. catechu extract had shown major components of terpene i.e. camphor (76.40%) and phytol (27.56%) along with other terpenes in minor amounts which are related with their high antibacterial and antifungal properties.

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Acknowledgments

We are grateful to Prof. YK Agarwal for the corrections and valuable comments on the manuscript. We are also thankful to Central Salt and Marine Research Institute (CSMRI), Bhavnagar for carrying out GC–MS analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Life Science, Bhavnagar University, Bhavnagar, 364 002, India

    Bhawna Sunil Negi & Bharti P. Dave

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  1. Bhawna Sunil Negi
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  2. Bharti P. Dave
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Correspondence to Bhawna Sunil Negi.

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Negi, B.S., Dave, B.P. In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Acacia catechu and Its Phytochemical Analysis. Indian J Microbiol 50, 369–374 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-011-0061-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12088-011-0061-1

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