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Cholesteatoma Versus Granulations: Changing Incidence Trends and Association with Age and Complications

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Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

CSOM is a common disease in lower socio-economic set-ups. Its incidence has decreased over time due to improved hygiene status increased use of antibiotics. It can be associated with cholesteatoma or granulation tissue as far as unsafe ears are considered. Cholesteatoma is defined as a well demarcated noncancerous cystic lesion derived from an abnormal growth of keratinising squamous epithelium in the temporal bone, commonly characterised as skin in the wrong place. Granulations are defined as the inflammatory response of middle ear mucosa to toxic insults. Overtime the incidence of granulations has increased. This study aims to observe the incidence trends of cholesteatoma in comparison to granulation tissue as intraoperative finding in CSOM patients and the association of these two with the age of the patient and associated complications if present.

Materials and Methods

All the patients admitted to E.N.T ward of M.D.M. Hospital, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India undergoing mastoid exploration surgery between the time period of 1 year from September 2017 to August 2018 were observed and their clinical findings along with patients data including age and sex were recorded and studied in regard with incidence of cholesteatoma, granulation tissue or both simultaneously along with associated complications.

Results

Majority of the patients who required mastoid exploration surgery had the presence of granulation tissue as intraoperative finding (55.07%). The incidence of cholesteatoma and both cholesteatoma and granulations together was (21.73%) and (23.18%) respectively. Complication percentage was highest with that of cholesteatoma patients (44.45%). Most of the patients presented in the 3rd–4th decade of their lives (63.77%) and the incidence was low amongst the children (30.43%) and the elderly (5.8%). The complication rate was higher in children (55.56%).

Conclusion

Granulation tissue showed an increased incidence trend as compared with cholesteatoma; although complication rate was higher in the latter. Incidence as a function of age was maximum in the middle ages but the complication rate was more amongst the children.

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Funding

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not for profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Dr.S.N.Medical College and M.D.M. Hospital, Room 88, Old P.G Boys Hostel, M.D.M Hospital Campus, Shashtri Nagar, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342003, India

    Bharti Solanki & Shivam Sharma

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  1. Bharti Solanki
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  2. Shivam Sharma
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Correspondence to Shivam Sharma.

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Bharti Solanki and Shivam Sharma declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Solanki, B., Sharma, S. Cholesteatoma Versus Granulations: Changing Incidence Trends and Association with Age and Complications. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 72, 208–213 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12070-019-01765-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12070-019-01765-0

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