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Modeling stress-induced responses: plasticity in continuous state space and gradual clonal evolution

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Abstract

Mathematical models of cancer and bacterial evolution have generally stemmed from a gene-centric framework, assuming clonal evolution via acquisition of resistance-conferring mutations and selection of their corresponding subpopulations. More recently, the role of phenotypic plasticity has been recognized and models accounting for phenotypic switching between discrete cell states (e.g., epithelial and mesenchymal) have been developed. However, seldom do models incorporate both plasticity and mutationally driven resistance, particularly when the state space is continuous and resistance evolves in a continuous fashion. In this paper, we develop a framework to model plastic and mutational mechanisms of acquiring resistance in a continuous gradual fashion. We use this framework to examine ways in which cancer and bacterial populations can respond to stress and consider implications for therapeutic strategies. Although we primarily discuss our framework in the context of cancer and bacteria, it applies broadly to any system capable of evolving via plasticity and genetic evolution.

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Data availability

Codes used to produce plots in this paper can be found at https://github.com/abukkuri/IPM_StressResponses.

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Acknowledgements

The author would like to thank Stina Andersson, Joel S. Brown, and Sofie Mohlin for valuable conversations related to this project.

Funding

AB acknowledges support by the Stiftelsen Längmanska kulturfonden (BA22-0753), the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences Stiftelsen GS Magnusons fond (MG2022-0019), the Crafoord foundation (20220633), and the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program (Grant No. 1746051).

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  1. Cancer Biology and Evolution Program and Department of Integrated Mathematical Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, USA

    Anuraag Bukkuri

  2. Tissue Development and Evolution Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

    Anuraag Bukkuri

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Bukkuri, A. Modeling stress-induced responses: plasticity in continuous state space and gradual clonal evolution. Theory Biosci. 143, 63–77 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12064-023-00410-3

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