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Gated or Ungated? A Case Study on Walkability Measurement for Urban Communities

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Abstract

The walkability is closely related to the lifestyle and health of local residents. Unreasonable community design may result in spatially segregated spaces, creating walking barriers for residents and reducing walking accessibility. If a community’s physical layout can be optimized through better walking-related planning at the community level, people would be more convenient to reach more facilities with a better walking accessibility. A microscale measurement method for walkability at the community level is necessary to assist in community planning. This study developed a new measurement of walkability using a hexagon-based adaptive crystal growth algorithm and verified its effectiveness by examining the impact of gated communities on walkability. Taking three communities in Beijing as cases, this study created two kinds of accessibility planes (with-wall and no-wall) to compare changes in walkability between gated and open communities. The findings show that gate and wall removal can partially improve community walkability and that the algorithm can accurately measure community walkability in different scenarios. The proposed algorithm provides a new perspective for walkability measurements and offers a scientific tool for people-oriented community planning.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments.

Funding

This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (72074240), the Humanities and Social Science Fund of the Ministry of Education of China (19YJCZH154), the Beijing Social Science Foundation (17GLB030), Program for Innovation Research in Central University of Finance and Economics, and the University of Toronto (UTM Startup Funding).

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  1. School of Public Administration and Policy, Renmin University of China, 59 Zhongguancun Street, Haidian District, Beijing, China

    Mengyuan Li

  2. School of Management Science and Engineering, Central University of Finance and Economics, 39 South College Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China

    Hao Wang

  3. Department of Geography, Geomatics and Environment, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, Mississauga, ON, L5L 1C6, Canada

    Jue Wang & Hanlin Zhou

  4. Department of Geography and Planning, University of Toronto, 100 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3G3, Canada

    Jue Wang & Hanlin Zhou

  5. Institute for Urban Governance and Sustainable Development, Tsinghua University, 4# bldg, 77 Shuangqing Rd., Haidian, Beijing, China

    Dong Li

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Contributions

Conceptualization: Hao Wang, Jue Wang; Methodology: Jue Wang, Hanlin Zhou; Formal analysis and investigation: Mengyuan Li, Hanlin Zhou; Writing - original draft preparation: Mengyuan Li; Writing - review and editing: Hao Wang, Jue Wang; Funding acquisition: Hao Wang, Jue Wang; Resources: Dong Li; Data curation: Mengyuan Li; Supervision: Hao Wang, Jue Wang.

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Li, M., Wang, H., Wang, J. et al. Gated or Ungated? A Case Study on Walkability Measurement for Urban Communities. Appl. Spatial Analysis (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12061-024-09575-w

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