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Direct rebound effect for urban household in China—an empirical study

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Abstract

Household sector has become one important target sector on which the Chinese government implements its energy-saving and emission reduction policies. Improving energy efficiency is the primary method adopted by the Chinese government for energy conservation. However, its real energy-saving effects would be affected greatly owing to energy rebound effects. In this paper, we set up a Linear Approximation of the Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/AIDS) model to estimate the direct rebound effect for urban households in China, and real energy conservation effect of improving energy efficiency is also obtained. The assessment of the rebound has a lot of uncertainty, and therefore, exact figures are hard to determine. The results show that energy rebound for Chinese urban household is approximately 66%. In this regard, the Chinese government could not accomplish the energy conservation target through improving energy efficiency only. Policy supplements like energy pricing reform are also needed.

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Notes

  1. Data source: author calculated it based on the relevant data from China Statistical Yearbook 2013

  2. Data source: author calculated it based on the relevant data from China Statistical Yearbook 2013 and China Premium Database

  3. http://env.people.com.cn/n/2015/0615/c1010-27154304.html

  4. Tibet is not included due to data unavailability and Chongqing is classed into Sichuan province

  5. http://uk.reuters.com/article/us-china-economy-wikileaks-idUSTRE6B527D20101206

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 71503156 and 71603086) and the National Social Science Foundation of China (No. 15CJY058).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Academy of Economic Strategy, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing, 100732, People’s Republic of China

    Xuehui Li

  2. Institute of Finance and Economics Research, School of Urban and Regional Science, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics, Shanghai, 200433, People’s Republic of China

    Jianghua Liu

  3. Industrial Bank Co., Ltd., 27/F., Zhongshan Bldg., 154 Hudong Rd, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350003, People’s Republic of China

    Xia Liu

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  1. Xuehui Li
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Correspondence to Jianghua Liu.

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Appendix

Appendix

Results for Zhejiang province

 

Food

Clothing

HFS

HCM

TC

CEE

WEF

Housing

lnXt-lnPt

−0.135***

−0.0291

0.0656*

−0.0572***

0.163***

−0.0379*

−0.000589

0.0319

LnP1

0.0722**

       

LnP2

−0.0194

−0.151***

      

LnP3

0.0591

0.163*

−0.105

     

LnP4

−0.106***

−0.0691*

0.0269

0.0854

    

LnP5

0.0526

0.0226

0.0839

−0.057

−0.0794

   

LnP6

−0.0703***

−0.00389

−0.0848

0.0502

0.00906

−0.051

  

LnP7

0.00556

0.00792

−0.0507

0.0285*

0.00644

0.00424

0.0153**

 

LnP8

0.00657

0.0499*

−0.0914

0.0414

−0.0382

0.147***

−0.0173

−0.0975***

constant

0.900***

0.236***

−0.117

0.249***

−0.493***

0.221***

0.0426

−0.039

Results for Jiangsu province

 

Food

Clothing

HFS

HCM

TC

CEE

WEF

Housing

lnXt-lnPt

−0.0182

0.0563***

0.0070

0.0244***

0.0531***

0.0321***

−0.0668***

−0.0879***

LnP1

0.212***

       

LnP2

0.0740***

0.199***

      

LnP3

0.0221

0.0239

−0.1080

     

LnP4

−0.0755***

−0.111**

0.1440

0.0588

    

LnP5

0.0372*

−0.0702

0.191*

−0.124**

−0.174***

   

LnP6

−0.0846***

0.0765***

−0.156***

−0.0186

0.0548***

0.0176

  

LnP7

−0.127***

−0.0782**

0.194***

−0.106***

−0.0685***

0.0607***

0.0623**

 

LnP8

−0.0576*

−0.114***

−0.310***

0.232***

0.154***

0.0495*

0.0631*

−0.0159

constant

0.524***

−0.0663*

0.0806*

−0.0322

−0.113***

−0.0146

0.273***

0.348***

Results for Hainan province

 

Food

Clothing

HFS

HCM

TC

CEE

WEF

Housing

lnXt-lnPt

−0.174***

0.0146

0.0322*

0.0323

0.0726**

0.0271

−0.0142

0.0099

LnP1

0.168***

       

LnP2

−0.0018

−0.0762*

      

LnP3

−0.0179

0.0254

0.0309

     

LnP4

−0.0196

0.0383

−0.0442

−0.0007

    

LnP5

0.0868***

0.0294*

0.0324

−0.0416*

−0.122***

   

LnP6

−0.0774***

0.0300

−0.0385

0.0628*

0.0110

0.0124

  

LnP7

−0.0830***

−0.0468***

0.0271

0.0109

0.0107

0.0003

0.0297

 

LnP8

−0.0556**

0.0016

−0.0154

−0.0061

−0.0067

−0.0006

0.0510**

0.0317

constant

1.094***

0.0273

−0.0263

−0.0631

−0.201**

0.0391

0.0900*

0.0396

  1. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001

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Li, X., Liu, J. & Liu, X. Direct rebound effect for urban household in China—an empirical study. Energy Efficiency 10, 1495–1510 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12053-017-9533-4

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