Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Purchased energy and policy impacts in the US manufacturing sector

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Energy Efficiency Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The US manufacturing sector, which consists of industries that produce durable and nondurable goods, accounts for about 30 % of all the final energy consumed in the country. In this study, manufacturing sector data coming primarily from the Annual Survey of Manufacturers are used to estimate the total impact of one mode of energy efficiency policy, market persuasion programs, on aggregate electricity consumption and energy expenditures. Using a panel model consisting of data for 184 industries, the findings indicate that the cumulative effects since 2002 of this policy mode is a reduction in 2010 electricity consumption of 5.4 %, of electricity expenditures of 2.4 %, and of all other fuel expenditures of 5.7 %. These estimates are derived after controlling for changes in output, other production inputs, and economic conditions. Particular attention in this study is given to the effects of a permanent shift in demand, and temporary business cycle shock, on model external validity.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Arimura, T. H., Shanjun, L., Richard, G. N., & Karen, P. (2012). “Cost-effectiveness of electricity energy efficiency programs. The Energy Journal, 33(2), 63–100.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • ASM (Annual Survey of Manufacturers) (2011). www.census.gov/manufacturing/asm. US Census Bureau, Washington.

  • Auffhammer, M., Carl, B., & Meredith, F. (2008). Demand side management and energy efficiency revisited. The Energy Journal, 91(3).

  • Bernstein, M. K., Kateryna, F., Sam, L., & David, L. (2003). State-level changes in energy intensity and their national implications. MR-1616-DOE. Santa Monica: Rand.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bohi, D. R. (1981). Analyzing demand behavior. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press for Resources for the Future.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bohi, D. R., & Zimmerman, M. B. (1984). An update on econometric studies of energy demand behavior. Annual Review of Energy, 9, 105–154.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boyd, G., Kuzmenko, T., Szemely, B., & Zhang, G. (2011). Preliminary analysis of the distributions of carbon and energy intensity for 27 energy intensive trade exposed industrial sectors, working paper EE 11–03, Nicholas institute for environmental policy solutions. Chapel Hill: Duke University.

    Google Scholar 

  • CEE. (2011). State of the efficiency program industry: Expenditures, impacts, & budgets 2011. Boston: Consortium for Energy Efficiency.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dahl, C. (1993). A survey of energy demand elasticities in support of the development of the NEMS. Washington: US Department of Energy.

    Google Scholar 

  • DEER (2011). www.deeresources.com. California Energy Commission, California Public Utilities Commission, San Francisco–Sacramento.

  • EIA (Energy Information Administration). (2011). Annual energy outlook. Washington: US Department of Energy.

    Google Scholar 

  • Horowitz, M. J. (2007). Changes in electricity demand in the United States from the 1970s to 2003. The Energy Journal, 28(3), 93–119.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Loughran, D. S., & Kulick, J. (2004). Demand side management and energy efficiency in the United States. The Energy Journal, 25(1), 19–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parfomak, P. W., & Lave, L. B. (1996). How many kilowatts are in a negawatt? verifying ex post estimates of utility conservation impacts at the regional level. The Energy Journal, 17(4), 59–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rivers, N., & Jaccard, M. (2011). Electric utility demand side management in Canada. The Energy Journal, 32(4), 93–116.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • SEDS (2011). www.eia.gov. Energy Information Administration, Washington.

Download references

Acknowledgments

This research was funded by the US Environmental Protection Agency. The author would like to thank Elizabeth Dutrow and Caterina Hatcher as well as the anonymous referees for their comments and suggestions. The author takes sole responsibility for all errors and opinions found within.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Demand Research, LLC, Fairfax, VA, USA

    Marvin J. Horowitz

Authors
  1. Marvin J. Horowitz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Marvin J. Horowitz.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Horowitz, M.J. Purchased energy and policy impacts in the US manufacturing sector. Energy Efficiency 7, 65–77 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12053-013-9200-3

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12053-013-9200-3

Keywords

Search

Navigation