Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Investigation of inner flow and near-field spray patterns of the non-circular diesel injector

  • Published:
Sādhanā Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The non-circular diesel nozzles have influence on the inner cavitation and near-field spray patterns. For this investigation, two different non-circular diesel injectors with the same equivalent diameter were adopted. A detailed comparison of near-field spray and inner cavitation behaviors were investigated by using near-field spray experimental visualization method and numerical model. The elliptical nozzle has larger discharge coefficient, indicating that using the elliptical nozzle could increase the circulation ability. Also, the elliptical nozzle outlet has higher vorticity magnitude at all injection conditions than those of the circular nozzle. Besides, the cavitation is evenly distributed in the circular orifice inner wall. While for elliptical nozzle, the cavitation is mainly distributed along the major axis. Moreover, the near-field spray cone angle and projection area at the major axis of the elliptical nozzle are all wider than the circular nozzle. Because the nozzle exit turbulence vorticity and the cavitation along the major axis direction are both more intense than the circular nozzle, and these factors could increase the diffusion of the initial spray. Finally, it is possible to predict that the atomization quality of the elliptical spray is better than that of the circular spray from the larger spray cone angle and projected area of the near-field elliptical spray.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
Figure 8
Figure 9

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Payri R, Salvador F, Gimeno J and De la Morena J 2009 Effects of nozzle geometry on direct injection diesel engine combustion process. Appl. Therm. Eng. 29(10): 2051–2060

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Jung D, Wang W, Knafl A, Jacobs T, Hu S J and Assanis D 2008 Experimental investigation of abrasive flow machining effects on injector nozzle geometries, engine performance, and emissions in a DI diesel engine. Int. J. Autom. Technol. 9(1): 9–15

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Payri R, Salvador F, Gimeno J and Viera J 2015 Experimental analysis on the influence of nozzle geometry over the dispersion of liquid n-dodecane sprays. Front. Mech. Eng. 1: 13

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Yaliwal V, Banapurmath N, Gireesh N, Hosmath R, Donateo T and Tewari P 2016 Effect of nozzle and combustion chamber geometry on the performance of a diesel engine operated on dual fuel mode using renewable fuels. Renew. Energy 93: 483–501

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Ma G, Tauzia X and Maiboom A 2014 One-dimensional combustion model with detailed chemistry for transient diesel sprays. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D. J. Automob. Eng. 228(4): 457–476

  6. Magno A, Mancaruso E and Vaglieco B M 2014 Experimental investigation in an optically accessible diesel engine of a fouled piezoelectric injector. Energy 64: 842–852

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Payri R, Salvador F, Gimeno J and Zapata L 2008 Diesel nozzle geometry influence on spray liquid-phase fuel penetration in evaporative conditions. Fuel 87(7): 1165–1176

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Cung K, Moiz AA, Shah B, Kalaskar V, Miwa J and Abidin Z 2019 Evaluation of Diesel Spray with Non-Circular Nozzle-Part I: Inert Spray. SAE Technical Paper, 01-0065

  9. Yu S, Yin B, Deng W, Jia H, Ye Z and Xu B et al 2018 Internal flow and spray characteristics for elliptical orifice with large aspect ratio under typical diesel engine operation conditions. Fuel 228: 62–73

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Salvador F, Jaramillo D, Romero J V and Roselló M D 2016 Using a homogeneous equilibrium model for the study of the inner nozzle flow and cavitation pattern in convergent–divergent nozzles of diesel injectors. J. Comput. Appl. Math. 309: 630–641

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  11. Macián V, Payri R, Margot X and Salvador F 2003 A CFD analysis of the influence of diesel nozzle geometry on the inception of cavitation. Atomiz. Sprays 13(5&6): 579–604

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Payri R, Molina S, Salvador F and Gimeno J 2004 A study of the relation between nozzle geometry, internal flow and sprays characteristics in diesel fuel injection systems. KSME Int. J. 18(7): 1222–1235

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Payri F, Payri R, Salvador F and Martínez-López J 2012 A contribution to the understanding of cavitation effects in Diesel injector nozzles through a combined experimental and computational investigation. Comput. Fluids 58: 88–101

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Molina S, Salvador F, Carreres M and Jaramillo D 2014 A computational investigation on the influence of the use of elliptical orifices on the inner nozzle flow and cavitation development in diesel injector nozzles. Energy Convers. Manag. 79: 114–127

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Hong J G, Ku K W and Lee C W 2011 Numerical simulation of the cavitating flow in an elliptical nozzle. Atomiz. Sprays 21(3): 237–248

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Yu S, Yin B, Bi Q, Chen C and Jia H 2021 Experimental and numerical investigation on inner flow and spray characteristics of elliptical GDI injectors with large aspect ratio. Energy 224: 120119

  17. Yu S, Yin B, Jia H, Chen C, Xu B 2021 Investigation of inner cavitation and nozzle exit flow patterns for elliptical orifice GDI injectors with various aspect ratios. Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf. 129: 105682

  18. Payri R, Gimeno J, Cuisano J and Arco J 2016 Hydraulic characterization of diesel engine single-hole injectors. Fuel 180: 357–366

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Payri R, Garcia J, Salvador F and Gimeno J 2005 Using spray momentum flux measurements to understand the influence of diesel nozzle geometry on spray characteristics. Fuel 84(5): 551–561

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Payri R, García-Oliver J M, Xuan T and Bardi M 2015 A study on diesel spray tip penetration and radial expansion under reacting conditions. Appl. Therm. Eng. 90: 619–629

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. He Z, Guo G, Tao X, Zhong W, Leng X and Wang Q 2016 Study of the effect of nozzle hole shape on internal flow and spray characteristics. Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf. 71: 1–8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Yu S, Yin B, Deng W, Jia H, Ye Z and Xu B et al 2018 Experimental study on the spray characteristics discharging from elliptical diesel nozzle at typical diesel engine conditions. Fuel 221: 28–34

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Yu S, Yin B, Deng W, Jia H, Ye Z and Xu B et al 2019 An experimental comparison of the elliptical and circular nozzles spray and mixing characteristics under different injection pressures. Fuel 236: 1474–1482

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Hong J G, Ku K W, Kim S R and Lee C-W 2010 Effect of cavitation in circular nozzle and elliptical nozzles on the spray characteristic. Atomiz. Sprays 20(10): 877–886

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Salvador F, Martínez-López J, Romero J-V and Roselló M-D 2013 Computational study of the cavitation phenomenon and its interaction with the turbulence developed in diesel injector nozzles by Large Eddy Simulation (LES). Math. Comput. Modell. 57(7–8): 1656–1662

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  26. Yuan W, Sauer J and Schnerr G H 2001 Modeling and computation of unsteady cavitation flows in injection nozzles. Méc. Ind. 2(5): 383–394

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Yin B, Yu S, Jia H and Yu J 2016 Numerical research of diesel spray and atomization coupled cavitation by Large Eddy Simulation (LES) under high injection pressure. Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow 59: 1–9

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Yu S, Yin B, Jia H, Wen S, Li X and Yu J 2017 Theoretical and experimental comparison of internal flow and spray characteristics between diesel and biodiesel. Fuel 208: 20–29

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Yu S, Yin B, Deng W, Jia H, Ye Z and Xu B et al 2018 Computational analysis of flow patterns in elliptical diesel nozzles at high injection pressures. Atomiz. Sprays 28(11): 957–974

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. He Z, Zhong W, Wang Q, Jiang Z and Shao Z 2013 Effect of nozzle geometrical and dynamic factors on cavitating and turbulent flow in a diesel multi-hole injector nozzle. Int. J. Therm. Sci. 70: 132–143

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. He Z, Shao Z, Wang Q, Zhong W and Tao X 2015 Experimental study of cavitating flow inside vertical multi-hole nozzles with different length–diameter ratios using diesel and biodiesel. Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci. 60: 252–262

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Andriotis A and Gavaises M 2009 Influence of vortex flow and cavitation on near-nozzle diesel spray dispersion angle. Atomiz. Sprays 19(3): 247–261

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Guo G, He Z, Jin Y, Chen Z, Duan X, Leng X 2018 Visualization investigations of flow regimes in different sizes of diesel injector nozzles and their effects on spray. Atomiz. Sprays 28(6): 547–563

  34. Desantes J, Payri R, Salvador F and De la Morena J 2010 Influence of cavitation phenomenon on primary break-up and spray behavior at stationary conditions. Fuel 89(10): 3033–3041

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Payri R, Salvador F J, Gimeno J and Morena J D L 2009 Study of cavitation phenomena based on a technique for visualizing bubbles in a liquid pressurized chamber. Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow 30(4): 768–777

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Shinjo J, Xia J and Umemura A 2015 Droplet/ligament modulation of local small-scale turbulence and scalar mixing in a dense fuel spray. Proc. Combust. Inst. 35(2): 1595–1602

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Guo M, Nishida K, Ogata Y, Wu C and Fan Q 2017 Experimental study on fuel spray characteristics under atmospheric and pressurized cross-flow conditions, second report: spray distortion, spray area, and spray volume. Fuel 206: 401–408

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Wang Z, Xu H, Jiang C and Wyszynski M L 2016 Experimental study on microscopic and macroscopic characteristics of diesel spray with split injection. Fuel 174: 140–152

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Science and Technology on Scramjet Laboratory Project of China [STS/MY-KFKT-2017001]; Youth Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China [12002138]; Jiangsu provincial colleges of Natural Science General Program [21KJB460028]; Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [BK20201166]; The Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions [PAPD].

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China

    Chen Chen, Shenghao Yu, Bifeng Yin & Hekun Jia

  2. Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China

    Qinsheng Bi

Authors
  1. Chen Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Shenghao Yu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Bifeng Yin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Qinsheng Bi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Hekun Jia
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Shenghao Yu.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Chen, C., Yu, S., Yin, B. et al. Investigation of inner flow and near-field spray patterns of the non-circular diesel injector. Sādhanā 47, 34 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12046-022-01811-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12046-022-01811-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation