Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Low-voltage wide-range high-impedance flipped voltage follower current mirror

  • Published:
Sādhanā Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this paper, a wide-range current mirror based on a low-power flipped voltage follower with improved performance parameters is proposed. In the proposed design the flipped voltage follower cell uses a MOS transistor in its feedback path, due to which the output impedance gets scaled down, which when applied for current mirror realization shows very low input resistance of about 48 ohms. The other improvement achieved is in terms of output resistance, for which the cascode approach has been utilized. The output resistance achieved is 3G ohms. The proposed current mirror operates with minimal error till 1 mA and exhibits very less input compliance voltage. The –3 dB bandwidth is about 890 MHz. The process corner, temperature analysis and Monte Carlo runs for the proposed design are also shown. The complete analysis is done using Spice on 0.18-um technology at a supply voltage of \(\pm\) 0.5 V.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7
Figure 8
Figure 9
Figure 10
Figure 11
Figure 12
Figure 13
Figure 14
Figure 15

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Akbari M, Javid A and Hashemipour O 2014 A high input dynamic range, low voltage cascode current mirror and enhanced phase-margin folded cascode amplifier. In: Proceedings of the Iranian Conference on Electrical Engineering, pp. 77–81. https://doi.org/10.1109/IranianCEE.2014.6999507

  2. Gosselin B, Sawan M and Chapman C 2007 A low-power integrated bioamplifier with active low-frequency suppression. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems 1: 184–192. https://doi.org/10.1109/TBCAS.2007.914490

  3. Tanguay L F and Sawan M 2009 An ultra-low power ISM-band integer-N frequency synthesizer dedicated to implantable medical microsystems. Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing 58: 205–214. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10470-007-9123-z

  4. Khateb F, Bay S, Dabbous A and Vlassis S 2013 A survey of non-conventional techniques for low-voltage low-power analog circuit design. Radioengineering 22: 415–427. https://www.radioeng.cz/fulltexts/2013/13_02_0415_0427.pdf

  5. Zhang X and El-Masry E 2004 A regulated body-driven CMOS current mirror for low-voltage applications. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 51: 571–577. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSII.2004.834536

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Manhas P S, Sharma S, Pal K, Mangotra L K and Jamwal K K S 2008 High performance FGMOS-based low voltage current mirror. Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Physics 46: 355–358. http://nopr.niscair.res.in/handle/123456789/1477

  7. Esparza-Alfaro F, Lopez-Martin A J, Ramírez-Anguloa J and Carvajal R G 2012 Low-voltage highly-linear class AB current mirror with dynamic cascode biasing. Electronics Letters 48: 1336–1338. https://doi.org/10.1049/el.2012.3081

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Raj N, Singh A K and Gupta A K 2014 Low power high output impedance high bandwidth QFGMOS current mirror. Microelectronics Journal 45: 1132–1142. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mejo.2014.05.005

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Esparza-Alfaro F, Lopez-Martin A J, Carvajal R G and Ramirez-Angulo J 2014 Highly linear micropower class AB current mirrors using Quasi-Floating Gate transistors. Microelectronics Journal 45: 1261–1267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mejo.2014.02.006

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Raj N, Singh A K and Gupta A K 2014 Low-voltage bulk-driven self-biased cascode current mirror with bandwidth enhancement. Electronics Letters 50: 23–25. https://doi.org/10.1049/el.2013.3600

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Raj N, Singh A K and Gupta A K 2016 Low voltage high output impedance bulk-driven quasi-floating gate self-biased high-swing cascode current mirror. Circuit System and Signal Processing 35: 2683–2703. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00034-015-0184-4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Raj N, Singh A K and Gupta A K 2016 Low voltage high performance bulk-driven quasi-floating gate self-biased cascode current mirror. Microelectronics Journal 52: 124–133. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mejo.2016.04.001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Raj N, Singh A K and Gupta A K 2017 Low voltage high bandwidth self-biased high swing cascode current mirror. Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Physics 55: 245–253. http://14.139.47.23/index.php/IJPAP/article/view/13025

  14. Carvajal R G, Ramirez-Angulo J, Lopez-Martin A J, Torralba A, Galan J A G, Carlosena A and Chavero F M 2005 The flipped voltage follower: a useful cell for low-voltage low-power circuit design. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers 52: 1276–1291. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSI.2005.851387

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Prodanov V I and Green M M 1996 CMOS current mirrors with reduced input and output voltage requirements. Electronics Letters 32: 104–105. https://doi.org/10.1049/el:19960076

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Torralba A, Carvajal R G, Ramirez-Angulo J and Munoz E 2002 Output stage for low supply voltage high-performance CMOS current mirrors. Electronics Letters 38: 1528–1529. https://doi.org/10.1049/el:20021062

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Ramírez-Angulo J, Carvajal R G and Torralba A 2004 Low supply voltage high-performance CMOS current mirror with low input and output voltage requirements. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs 51: 124–129. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSII.2003.822429

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Hassen N and Gabbouj H 2011 Low voltage high performance current mirrors: application to linear voltage to current converter. International Journal of Circuit Theory and Application 39: 47–60. https://doi.org/10.1002/cta.618

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Azhari S, Baghtash H F and Monfaredi K 2011 A novel ultra-high compliance, high output impedance low power very accurate high performance current mirror. Microelectronics Journal 42: 432–439. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mejo.2010.10.004

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Bastan Y, Hamzehil E and Amiri P 2016 Output impedance improvement of a low voltage low power current mirror based on body driven technique. Microelectronics Journal 56: 163–170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mejo.2016.08.013

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Safari L and Azhari S J 2013 A novel wide band super transistor based voltage feedback current amplifier. International Journal of Electronics and Communication 67: 624–631. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aeue.2013.01.005

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Doreyatim M S, Akbari M and Nazari M 2019 A low-voltage gain boosting-based current mirror with high input/output dynamic range. Microelectronics Journal 90: 88–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mejo.2019.05.022

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Bchir M, Aloui I and Hassen N 2020 A bulk-driven quasi-floating gate FVF current mirror for low voltage, low power applications. Integration 74: 45–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vlsi.2020.04.002

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Shrivastava A, Pandey R and Jindal C 2020 Low-voltage flipped voltage follower cell based current mirrors for high frequency applications. Wireless Personal Communication 111: 143–161. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11277-019-06849-2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Raj N 2021 Low voltage FVF current mirror with high bandwidth and low input impedance. Iranian Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering 17: 1–7. https://doi.org/10.22068/IJEEE.17.3.1972

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Sackinger E and Guggenbuhl W 1990 A high-swing, high-impedance MOS cascode circuit. IEEE Journal of Solid State Circuits 25: 289–298. https://doi.org/10.1109/4.50316

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, The LNM Institute of Information Technology, Jaipur, 302031, India

    Nikhil Raj

Authors
  1. Nikhil Raj
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nikhil Raj.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Raj, N. Low-voltage wide-range high-impedance flipped voltage follower current mirror. Sādhanā 46, 171 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12046-021-01694-1

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12046-021-01694-1

Keywords

Search

Navigation