Abstract
The present study focuses on the effect of vortex formation on plane velocities in a reservoir. Velocity measurements are performed in the hydraulic model of Karun III dam and hydropower plant. Different vortices were produced at the horizontal intake by changing the submerged depth. Tangential velocities were measured on a rectangular mesh in the reservoir. The results were then processed to plot the contour lines of the plane velocities and study the effect of vortex formation on the flow condition in the reservoir. Contour lines in different submerged depths show that circulation zones are formed in different potential locations over the intakes causing vortex formation. These results were correlated with the location of the appearing vortices observed in the experiments. Experimental data of this study could be useful for numerical modelling of vortex in the reservoirs.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Amiri S M, Zarrati A R, Roshan R and Sarkardeh H 2011 Surface vortex prevention at power intakes by horizontal plates. J. Water Manag. (ICE), 164(4): 193–200
Amphlett MB 1976 Air Entraining Vortices at Horizontal Intake. HRC Wallingford Rep., No.OD/7
Anwar H O and Amphlett M B 1980 Vortices at Vertically Inverted Intakes. J. Hydraul. Res., 18(2): 123–136
Anwar H O, Weller J A and Amphlett M B 1978 Similarity of Free Vortex at Horizontal Intake. J. Hydraul. Res., 2: 95–105
Berge J P 1966 A Study of Vortex Formation and Other Abnormal Flow in a Tank with and without a Free Surface. La Houille Blanche No 1
Camnasio E, Orsi E and Schleiss A J 2011 Experimental study of velocity fields in rectangular shallow reservoirs. J. Hydraul. Res., 49(3): 352–358
Carriveau R, Kopp G and Baddour R 2009 Stretching-sustained Intake Vortices. J. Hydraul. Res., 47(4): 486–491
Chang E 1977 Review of literature on drain vortices in cylindrical tanks. BHRA Rep. TN 1342
Chen Z, Ettema R and Lai Y 2004 Ice-tank and numerical study of frazil ingestion by submerged intakes. ASCE J. Hydraul. Eng., 130(2): 101–111
Constantinescu G S and Patel V C 1998 Numerical model for simulation of pump-intake flow and vortices. J. Hydraul. Eng., 124(2): 123–134
Constantinescu G S and Patel V C 2000 Role of turbulence model in prediction of pump-bay vortices. J. Hydraul. Eng., 126(5): 387–391
Daggett L L and Keulegan G H 1974 Similitude in free-surface vortex formation. ASCE J. Hydraul. Div., 100(11): 1565–1580
De Siervi F, Viguier H C, Greitzer E M and Tan C S 1982 Mechanisms of inlet-vortex formation. J. Fluid Mech., 124: 173–207
Denny D F and Young G H J 1957 The Prevention of Vortices and Swirl at Intakes. IAHR Cong Lissabon, paper C1
Gordon J L 1970 Vortices at Intakes. Water Power Apr., 137–138
Hite J E and Mih W 1994 Velocity of Air-Core Vortices at Hydraulic Intakes. J. Hydraul. Eng., 120(3): 284–297
Jain A K, Raju K G R and Garde R J 1978 Vortex Formation at Vertical Pipe Intake. J. Hydraul. Eng., 100(10): 1427–1445
Johnson PL 1972 Hydraulic Model Studies of the Forebey Reservoir Inlet–Outlet Structures for Mt. Elbert Pumped-storage Power Plant. USBR, Washington, DC, Rep. Rec-Erc-72-5
Knauss J 1987 Swirling Flow Problems at intakes, Balkema
Montazerin N, Rahimzadeh H and Hashemi Marghzar Sh 2001 Prediction of Critical Condition at a Horizontal Intake through Pressure Contours XXIX IAHR Cong. China
Nagarkar P K, Grampurohit K A, Ghodke C V, Jogdand E B and Kulkarni D B 1987 Submergence Criteria for Hydro-Electric Intakes. J. Water Energy Int., 44(3): 59–80
Odgaard J A 1986 Free-surface air core vortex. J. Hydraul. Eng., 112(7): 610–620
Padmanabhan M and Hecker G E 1984 Scale effects in pump sump models. J. Hydraul. Eng., 110(11): 1540–1556
Rankine W J M 1858 Manual of applied mechanics. London, UK: C. Griffin & Co.
Reddy Y R and Pickford J A 1972 Vortices at Intakes in Conventional Sumps. Waterpower, 108–109
Sarkardeh H 2009 Effect Of reservoir vortex on flow condition at power tunnels. M.Sc. Thesis. Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic). Tehran. Iran
Sarkardeh H, Jabbari E, Zarrati A R and Tavakkol S 2013 Velocity field in a reservoir in the presence of an air-core vortex. J. Water Manag. (ICE), 164(4): 193–200
Sarkardeh H, Zarrati A R and Roshan R 2010 Effect of intake head wall and trash rack on vortices. J. Hydraul. Res., 48(1): 108–112
Sarkardeh H, Zarrati A R, Jabbari E and Roshan R 2012Discussion of Prediction of Intake Vortex Risk by Nearest Neighbors Modeling. J. Hydraul. Eng. ASCE, 137(6): 701–705
Taghvaei S M, Roshan R, Safavi Kh and Sarkardeh H 2012 Anti-vortex structures at hydropower dams. Int. J. Phys. Sci., 7(28): 5069–5077
Travis Q and Mays L 2011 Prediction of Intake Vortex Risk by Nearest Neighbors Modeling. J. Hydraul. Eng., 137(6): 701–705
Yildirim N, Eyüpoğlu A and Taştan K 2012 Critical Submergence for Dual Rectangular Intakes. J. Energy Eng., 138: 237–245
Acknowledgements
The authors thank the Hydraulic Structures Division of the Water Research Institute, Tehran, Iran for their permission for using the model data.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
AZARPIRA, M., SARKARDEH, H., TAVAKKOL, S. et al. Vortices in dam reservoir: A case study of Karun III dam. Sadhana 39, 1201–1209 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12046-014-0252-7
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12046-014-0252-7