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Possible effects of galactic cosmic ray flux and low-cloud amounts on global surface temperature

Pramana volume 94, Article number: 45 (2020) Cite this article

Abstract

The solar variations, solar–climate interactions, and the mechanisms controlling the response of Earth’s climate system are important to understand the effect of solar variability on climate change. The solar magnetic field is directly/indirectly disturbing the interplanetary space, the ionosphere, the magnetosphere, and even the atmosphere. To investigate the contribution of varying galactic cosmic flux, the role of sunspot number (Rz), galactic cosmic ray (GCR) rates, cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), total solar irradiance (TSI), \(\hbox {CO}_{{2}}\) concentration and the global surface temperature (GST) is examined. The variations of TSI can partially explain the global increase in temperature, and it accounts for about \(0.5^{\circ }\hbox {C}\) warming experienced from 1950 to 2016. Therefore, the future predictions of global warming should take into account the effects due to long-term changes in the galactic CRs, the low-level cloud condensation (LLC), etc. The concentrations of \(\hbox {CO}_{{2}}\) increased in the upper atmosphere by 19% during the last 65 years. A strong correlation between LLC and GST suggests a linear relationship between these parameters. These observations are suggestive of the possible role of GCRs in global climate.

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Acknowledgements

The authors greatly appreciate the assistance of Dr K G McCracken for providing us with precious data and permission to reproduce figure 1 shown in the text.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt

    M A El-Borie & A A Bishara

  2. Basic and Applied Science Department, Faculty of Engineering, Arab Academy for Science and Technology, Alexandria, Egypt

    A A Thabet, E S El-Mallah & M Abd El-Zaher

Authors
  1. M A El-Borie
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  2. A A Thabet
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  3. E S El-Mallah
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  4. M Abd El-Zaher
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  5. A A Bishara
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to M Abd El-Zaher.

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El-Borie, M.A., Thabet, A.A., El-Mallah, E.S. et al. Possible effects of galactic cosmic ray flux and low-cloud amounts on global surface temperature. Pramana - J Phys 94, 45 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12043-019-1912-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12043-019-1912-2

Keywords

  • Galactic cosmic rays
  • solar variability
  • atmospheric physics
  • climate change
  • geomagnetic activities
  • sun–climate interaction
  • total solar irradiance

PACS Nos

  • 92.60.Ry
  • 92.60.Vb
  • 92.60.Xg
  • 96.60.Q
  • 96.60.qd
  • 96.50.sf
  • 96.50.S