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An IoT-based system for monitoring and forecasting flash floods in real-time

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Abstract

Floods are the most frequent of all natural disasters that occur in India. Although one of the main reasons for these disasters is the variations in monsoon and heavy inflows during the four months of the rainy season, India's asymmetric geomorphic features play an important role in determining the nature and intensity of floods in different regions. The destruction due to floods can be monitored with Internet of Things (IoT) systems. Flood forecasting can be done to warn people and evacuate them to safer places. A real-time end-to-end system generates an early flood alert based on various hydro-meteorological parameters received from sensing devices. In this study, an IoT-based system senses the hydrological data such as water discharge and water level, as well as data related to climate like rainfall, humidity, temperature, wind direction and speed. The task of estimating the water discharge gets difficult since rivers have changing geographic properties. To resolve this issue, a novel technique is proposed to estimate river discharge based on the sectional area and flow of the river. Additionally, the challenges associated with quantifying the overall quantity of rainfall resulting from the unpredictable behaviour of the local meteorological conditions have been addressed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. DIT University, Dehradun, 248 009, India

    Chandra Prakash & Debopam Acharya

  2. Computer Science and Engineering, Apeejay Stya University, Gurugram, Haryana, 122 103, India

    Anurag Barthwal

Authors
  1. Chandra Prakash
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  2. Anurag Barthwal
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  3. Debopam Acharya
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Contributions

CP: Acquiring geographic information, analytical modelling, result evaluation and analysis, and writing the original paper. AB: Collecting field data, analytical modelling, result evaluation and analysis. DA: Conceptual design of the task, monitoring of data collection and analytical modelling, review of the manuscript, and general assistance.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Anurag Barthwal.

Additional information

Communicated by Parthasarathi Mukhopadhyay

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Prakash, C., Barthwal, A. & Acharya, D. An IoT-based system for monitoring and forecasting flash floods in real-time. J Earth Syst Sci 132, 159 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-023-02172-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-023-02172-4

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