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Geochemistry, magma flow characteristics and petrogenesis of Paleoproterozoic NW–NNW trending mafic dykes from central Bastar craton, India

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Abstract

The NW–NNW trending Paleoproterozoic (2.5–1.6 Ga) mafic dykes from Pakhanjore, Muramgaon and Gariaband–Chhura areas of central Bastar craton are medium-grained, consisting of orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene and plagioclase with ophitic texture. They represent basalt to basaltic trachyandesite composition in TAS (total alkali silica) and tholeiitic magma series in AFM diagram. On element ratio plots, the dykes exhibit fractional crystallisation of plagioclase, clinopyroxene and olivine. High Th concentrations, deviation from MORB-OIB array observed in Nb/Yb vs. Th/Yb plot, and positive Zr–Hf anomalies in multi-element spidergram support crustal contamination of the dykes. Geochemical characteristics such as affinity towards subduction-modified lithospheric mantle (SZLM) field and diagonal trend towards plume array in TiO2/Yb vs. Th/Nb diagram, support the generation of the magma from different degrees of interactions between plume and SZLM. Non-modal REE modelling implies derivation of the magma from different degrees of partial melting of spinel-garnet containing lherzolitic source. Reynolds numbers in order of 103–104 obtained from quantitative calculations of the dyke widths support turbulent ascent of the magma. Our calculations suggest while magma ascending from lower crust to upper crust, parameters such as magma flow rate (Q), heat flow (H), wall-rock melting rate (U) values change depending upon the nature of magma flow and dyke thickness.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Dr V M Tiwari, Director, CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad, for his permission to publish these results. The UGC-JRF supported this work to AP and RP, and the MLP funds were utilised to conduct fieldwork. Drs. M Ram Mohan and Ravi Shankar are thanked for their suggestions and fruitful discussions during the work. Drs. M Satyanarayanan, A Keshav Krishna and S Sawant are acknowledged for their guidance in the geochemical analytical work. This study forms a part of the doctoral thesis of AP. This is CSIR-NGRI contribution no. NGRI/Lib/2022/Pub-76.

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  1. CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad, 500 007, India

    Aurovinda Panda, D Srinivasa Sarma & Rahul Patel

  2. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India

    Aurovinda Panda, D Srinivasa Sarma & Rahul Patel

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  1. Aurovinda Panda
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Aurovinda Panda: Carried out the fieldwork, sample preparation, data interpretation and initial and final draft preparation. D Srinivasa Sarma: Guided the analytical work, contributed to the write-up of the final version, and overall supervised the work. Rahul Patel: Contributed to fieldwork; data interpretation and write-up of the initial and final versions.

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Correspondence to D Srinivasa Sarma.

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Panda, A., Sarma, D.S. & Patel, R. Geochemistry, magma flow characteristics and petrogenesis of Paleoproterozoic NW–NNW trending mafic dykes from central Bastar craton, India. J Earth Syst Sci 132, 1 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-022-02007-8

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