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First record of cold-seep induced enhanced water column methane concentrations from the EEZ of India

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Abstract

A scientific expedition was carried out onboard RV Sindhu Sadhana (12th to 23rd February, 2020) for gas hydrate/cold-seep exploration in Mannar basin, northern Indian Ocean. We observed for the first time gas flares in the water column images of the multi-beam echo-sounder off Mannar basin. Water sampling was carried out by using CTD through the gas flares to understand the nature and distribution of the gas in the water column. The CTD operation was monitored using a sub-bottom profiler (SBP) to keep track of CTD location vis-à-vis the gas flare. High dissolved methane concentrations up to 48.7 nmol/L were detected at the depth of 1075 mbsl, within the gas cloud observed in SBP data, whereas very low dissolved methane concentrations (~0.6 nmol/L) were observed beyond the gas cloud. Enhanced methane concentrations in the water column can be correlated with the presence of cold-seep ecosystem and shallow gas hydrate in the Mannar basin. The stability of the methane bubbles within the gas flares may be attributed to the formation of a thin hydrate layer at the gas–water interface of the gas bubbles.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge Director, CSIR-NIO, and Secretary, MoES for supporting the gas hydrate program. The background information for the Cauvery–Mannar basin was generated through the CSIR-funded GEOSCAPE program. We thank CSIR-NIO’s research vessel management team for the contributions during the SSD-070 cruise. We thank the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, 403 004, India

    A Peketi, A Mazumdar, P Dewangan, Gayatri Shirodkar, G Sriram, S P K Pillutla & A Zatale

  2. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, India

    A Zatale

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  1. A Peketi
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  2. A Mazumdar
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Contributions

Aditya Peketi carried out result interpretation and manuscript preparation; Aninda Mazumdar contributed to manuscript preparation; Pawan Dewangan interpreted geophysical results and contributed to manuscript preparation; Gayatri Shirodkar, G Sriram, S P K Pillutla, and A Zatale contributed to sample collection, data generation and preparation of the map.

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Correspondence to A Peketi.

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Communicated by N V Chalapathi Rao

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Peketi, A., Mazumdar, A., Dewangan, P. et al. First record of cold-seep induced enhanced water column methane concentrations from the EEZ of India. J Earth Syst Sci 130, 179 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-021-01689-w

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