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Evaluation of soft sediment deformation structures along the Fethiye–Burdur Fault Zone, SW Turkey

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Abstract

Burdur city is located on lacustrine sedimentary deposits at the northeastern end of the Fethiye–Burdur Fault Zone (FBFZ) in SW Turkey. Fault steps were formed in response to vertical displacement along normal fault zones in these deposits. Soft sediment deformation structures were identified at five sites in lacustrine sediments located on both sides of the FBFZ. The deformed sediments are composed of unconsolidated alternations of sands, silts and clay layers and show different morphological types. The soft sediment deformation structures include load structures, flame structures, slumps, dykes, neptunian dykes, drops and pseudonodules, intercalated layers, ball and pillow structures, minor faults and water escape structures of varying geometry and dimension. These structures are a direct response to fluid escape during liquefaction and fluidization mechanism. The driving forces inferred include gravitational instabilities and hydraulic processes. Geological, tectonic, mineralogical investigations and age analysis were carried out to identify the cause for these soft sediment deformations. OSL dating indicated an age ranging from 15161±744 to 17434±896 years for the soft sediment deformation structures. Geological investigations of the soft sediment deformation structures and tectonic history of the basin indicate that the main factor for deformation is past seismic activity.

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Acknowledgements

The author wishes to thank Dr Petar Ivanov Petrov for carrying out the XRD and chemical analyses at St. Ivan Rilski University of Mining and Geology (Bulgaria); Dr Nafiye Gunec Kiyak (Isık University of Istanbul), and Dr Esma Bulus-Kirikkaya (Kocaeli University) for their help and advice on OSL and TL analyses, Dr Fuzuli Yagmurlu and Dr Murat Senturk (Suleyman Demirel University) for their comments on the tectonic setting of the area. Special thanks are due to anonymous reviewers for their comments that help to improve the content and quality of the paper.

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    MEHMET OZCELIK

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OZCELIK, M. Evaluation of soft sediment deformation structures along the Fethiye–Burdur Fault Zone, SW Turkey. J Earth Syst Sci 125, 343–358 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12040-016-0671-4

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