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Role of sound stimulation in reprogramming brain connectivity

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Abstract

Sensory stimulation has a critical role to play in the development of an individual. Environmental factors tend to modify the inputs received by the sensory pathway. The developing brain is most vulnerable to these alterations and interacts with the environment to modify its neural circuitry. In addition to other sensory stimuli, auditory stimulation can also act as external stimuli to provide enrichment during the perinatal period. There is evidence that suggests that enriched environment in the form of auditory stimulation can play a substantial role in modulating plasticity during the prenatal period. This review focuses on the emerging role of prenatal auditory stimulation in the development of higher brain functions such as learning and memory in birds and mammals. The molecular mechanisms of various changes in the hippocampus following sound stimulation to effect neurogenesis, learning and memory are described. Sound stimulation can also modify neural connectivity in the early postnatal life to enhance higher cognitive function or even repair the secondary damages in various neurological and psychiatric disorders. Thus, it becomes imperative to examine in detail the possible ameliorating effects of prenatal sound stimulation in existing animal models of various psychiatric disorders, such as autism.

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Abbreviations

BDNF:

brain-derived neurotrophic factor

CaBPs:

calcium-binding proteins

CREB:

cAMP response element-binding

E:

embryonic day

MNH:

mediorostral nidopallium hyperpallium ventral

NL:

nucleus laminaris

NM:

nucleus magnocellularis

PV:

parvalbumin

SPL:

sound pressure level

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Acknowledgements

The work was financially supported by Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi (Grant number: BT/PR3148/BRB/10/276/2002 and BT/ PR6771/BRB/10/448/2005 to SW and Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (no. 37/1242/06 EMRII to SJ).

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Author notes

  1. Sraboni Chaudhury

    Present address: Molecular Behavioral Research Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

    Sraboni Chaudhury, Tapas C Nag & Shashi Wadhwa

  2. Department of Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

    Suman Jain

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  3. Suman Jain
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  4. Shashi Wadhwa
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Correspondence to Sraboni Chaudhury.

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Corresponding editor: Vidita A Vaidya

[Chaudhury S, Nag TC, Jain S and Wadhwa S 2013 Role of sound stimulation in reprogramming brain connectivity. J. Biosci. 38 1–10] DOI 10.1007/s12038-013-9341-8

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Chaudhury, S., Nag, T.C., Jain, S. et al. Role of sound stimulation in reprogramming brain connectivity. J Biosci 38, 605–614 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12038-013-9341-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12038-013-9341-8

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