Abstract
We present the dynamical evolution of 10 open clusters, which were part of our previous studies. These clusters include both young and intermediate-age open clusters with ages ranging from \(25 \pm 19\) Myr to \(1.78\pm 0.20\) Gyr. The total mass of these clusters ranges from \(356.18\pm 142.90\) to \(1811.75\pm ~901.03\) \(M_{\odot }\). The Galactocentric distances to the clusters are in the range of \(8.91\pm 0.02\)–\(11.74\pm 0.18\) kpc. The study is based on the ground-based UBVRI data supplemented by the astrometric data from the Gaia archive. We studied the minimum spanning tree of the member stars for these clusters. The mass segregation in these clusters was quantified by mass segregation ratios calculated from the mean edge length obtained through the minimum spanning tree. The clusters NGC 2360, NGC 1960, IC 1442, King 21 and SAI 35 have \(\Gamma _\textrm{MSR}\) to be \(1.65\pm 0.18\), \(1.94\pm 0.22\), \(2.21\pm 0.20\), \(1.84\pm 0.23\) and \(1.96\pm 0.25\), respectively, which indicate moderate mass segregation in these clusters. The remaining five clusters are found to exhibit weak or no mass segregation. We used the ratio of half mass radius to the tidal radius i.e., \(R_{h}/R_{t}\) to investigate the effect of the tidal interactions on the cluster structure and dynamics. The ratios of half mass radii to tidal radii are found to be positively correlated with the Galactocentric distances with a linear slope of \(0.06\pm 0.01\) having linear regression coefficient r-square \(=\) 0.93 for the clusters.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Allison R. J., Goodwin S. P., Parker R. J. et al. 2009, ApJL, 700, L99. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/700/2/L99
Allison R. J., Goodwin S. P., Parker R. J. et al. 2009, MNRAS, 395, 1449. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.14508.x
Angelo M. S., Corradi W. J. B., Santos J. F. C. Jr., Maia F. F. S., Ferreira F. A. 2021, MNRAS, 500, 4338. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa3192
Angelo M. S., Santos J. F. C., Corradi W. J. B. 2020, MNRAS, 493, 3473. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa517
Bailer-Jones C. A. L., Rybizki J., Fouesneau M., Mantelet G., Andrae R. 2018, AJ, 156, 58. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/aacb21
Baumgardt H., Parmentier G., Gieles M., Vesperini E. 2010, MNRAS, 401, 1832. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15758.x
Bland-Hawthorn J., Sharma S., Tepper-Garcia T. et al. 2019, MNRAS, 486, 1167. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz217
Bonatto C., Bica E. 2008, AAP, 477, 829. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361:20078616
Chumak Y. O., Platais I., McLaughlin D. E., Rastorguev A. S., Chumak O. V. 2010, MNRAS, 402, 1841. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.16021.x
Dib S., Brandenburg A., Kim J., Gopinathan M., André P. 2008, ApJL, 678, L105. https://doi.org/10.1086/588608
Dib S., Schmeja S., Parker R. J. 2018, MNRAS, 473, 849. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx2413
Genzel R., Townes C. H. 1987, ARAA, 25, 377. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.aa.25.090187.002113
Gieles M., Baumgardt H. 2008, MNRAS, 389, L28. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-3933.2008.00515.x
Green G. M., Schlafly E., Zucker C., Speagle J. S., Finkbeiner D. 2019, ApJ, 887, 93. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab5362
Joshi Y. C., John A. A., Maurya J. et al. 2020, MNRAS, 499, 618. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa2881
Joshi Y. C., Maurya J., John A. A. et al. 2020, MNRAS, 492, 3602. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa029
Kim S. S., Figer D. F., Lee H. M., Morris M. 2000, ApJ, 545, 301. https://doi.org/10.1086/317807
Kroupa P. 2001, MNRAS, 322, 231. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04022.x
Marigo P., Girardi L., Bressan A. et al. 2017, ApJ, 835, 77. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/835/1/77
Maschberger T. 2013, MNRAS, 429, 1725. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sts479
Maurya J., Joshi Y. C. 2020, MNRAS, 494, 4713. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa893
Maurya J., Joshi Y. C., Elsanhoury W. H., Sharma S. 2021, AJ, 162, 64. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac0138
Maurya J., Joshi Y. C., Gour A. S. 2020, MNRAS, 495, 2496. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1370
Naidoo K. 2019, J. Open Source Softw. 4, 171. https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.01721
Olczak C., Spurzem R., Henning T. 2011, AAP, 532, A119. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201116902
Prim R. C. 1957, Bell Syst. Tech. J. 36, 1389. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1538-7305.1957.tb01515.x
Sagar R., Miakutin V. I., Piskunov A. E., Dluzhnevskaia O. B. 1988, MNRAS, 234, 831. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/234.4.831
Sanders W. L. 1971, AAP, 14, 226
Schmidt-Kaler T. 1982, New Series, Group VI, Vol. 2b, Springer, p. 14. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-6256/135/5/1934
Snider K. D., Hester J. J., Desch S. J., Healy K. R., Bally J. 2009, ApJ, 700, 506. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/700/1/506
Stetson P. B. 1992,. in eds Worrall D. M., Biemesderfer C., Barnes J. Astronomical Society of the Pacific Conference Series, Vol. 25, Astronomical Society of the Pacific, San Francisco, p. 297
Tang S.-Y., Pang X., Yuan Z. et al. 2019, ApJ, 877, 12. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab13b0
Tarricq Y., Soubiran C., Casamiquela L. et al. 2022, AAP, 659, A59. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202142186
Wang S., Chen X. 2019, ApJ, 877, 116. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab1c61
Yu J., Puzia T. H., Lin C., Zhang Y. 2017, ApJ, 840, 91. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa6ea5
Acknowledgements
Data from Pan-STARRS surveys (PS1) were used in this paper. The Pan-STARRS1 Surveys (PS1) and the PS1 public science archive have been made possible through contributions by the Institute for Astronomy, the University of Hawaii, the Pan-STARRS Project Office, the Max-Planck Society and its participating institutes, the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, Heidelberg and the Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics, Garching, The Johns Hopkins University, Durham University, the University of Edinburgh, the Queen’s University Belfast, the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, the Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network Incorporated, the National Central University of Taiwan, the Space Telescope Science Institute, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant No. NNX08AR22G issued through the Planetary Science Division of the NASA Science Mission Directorate, the National Science Foundation grant No. AST-1238877, the University of Maryland, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE), the Los Alamos National Laboratory, and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. This work presents the results of the European Space Agency (ESA) space mission Gaia results. Gaia data are being processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC). Funding for the DPAC is provided by national institutions, in particular, the institutions participating in the Gaia Multi-Lateral Agreement (MLA).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This article is part of the Special Issue on “Star formation studies in the context of NIR instruments on 3.6m DOT”.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Maurya, J., Joshi, Y.C., Samal, M.R. et al. Statistical analysis of dynamical evolution of open clusters. J Astrophys Astron 44, 71 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12036-023-09959-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12036-023-09959-3