Abstract
Two puzzles associated with open clusters have attracted a lot of attention – their formation, with densities and velocity dispersions that are not too different from those of the star forming regions in the galaxy, given that the observed Star Formation Efficiencies (SFE) are low and, the mass segregation observed/inferred in some of them, at ages significantly less than the dynamical relaxation times in them. Gas dynamical friction has been considered before as a mechanism for contracting embedded stellar clusters, by dissipating their energy. This would locally raise the SFE which might then allow bound clusters to form. Noticing that dynamical friction is inherently capable of producing mass segregation, since here, the dissipation rate is proportional to the mass of the body experiencing the force, we explore further, some of the details and implications of such a scenario, vis-à-vis observations. Making analytical approximations, we obtain a boundary value for the density of a star forming clump of a given mass, such that, stellar clusters born in clumps which have densities higher than this, could emerge bound after gas loss. For a clump of given mass and density, we find a critical mass such that, sub-condensations with larger masses than this could suffer significant segregation within the clump.
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Acknowledgements
The author would like to thank the referees for their prompt comments. The author would also like to thank Chanda Jog and Rajaram Nityananda for many useful discussions. She thanks the University Grants Commission for a Visiting Fellowship to the Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru and also, the Inter University Center for Astronomy & Astrophysics, Pune, for an Associateship.
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Indulekha, K. Role of Gas Dynamical Friction in the Evolution of Embedded Stellar Clusters. J Astrophys Astron 34, 207–221 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12036-013-9175-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12036-013-9175-7