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Effects of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Central Nervous System Diseases

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Abstract

Central nervous system (CNS) diseases are one of the diseases that threaten human health. The delivery of drugs targeting the CNS has always been a significant challenge; the blood–brain barrier (BBB) is the main obstacle that must be overcome. The rise of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) therapy has brought hope for the treatment of CNS diseases. However, the problems of low homing rate, susceptibility differentiation into astrocytes, immune rejection, and formation of iatrogenic tumors of transplanted BMSCs limit their clinical application. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (BMSC-Exos) have become a hot research topic in the treatment of CNS diseases in recent years because of their excellent histocompatibility, low immunogenicity, ease of crossing the BBB, and their ability to serve as natural carriers for treatment. This article reviews the mechanisms of BMSC-Exos in CNS diseases and provides direction for further research.

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Data Availability

All the ideas and illustrations for the figures in this review were conceived and created independently by the authors. The datasets analyzed in this review are available in the GEO repository, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31870335); the Natural Science Foundation of Gansu Provincial Department of Science and Technology (20JR5RA344); the Health Industry Planning Project of Gansu Provincial (GSWSKY2021-017); Science and Technology Planing Project of Chengguan District of Lanzhou City (2021–9-3); the “Cuiying Technology Innovation” Planning Project of Lanzhou University Second Hospital (CY2021-MS-B01); the Lanzhou Science and Technology Development Guiding Plan Project (2019-ZD-51); Chinese Stroke Society cerebrovascular disease management project-Qihang Fund; Cuiying Graduate Supervisor Applicant Training Program Of Lanzhou University Second Hospital (201802); Medical Innovation and Development Project of Lanzhou University (lzuyxcx-2022–195); Medical Innovation and Development Project of Lanzhou University (lzuyxcx-2022–107); Natural Science Foundation of Science and Technology Department of Gansu Province (22JR5RA509); and NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Gastrointestinal Tumor Open Project (NLDTG2020005).

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  1. Miao Chai and Gang Su contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China

    Miao Chai, Wei Chen, Juan Gao, Qionghui Wu, Jinyang Song & Zhenchang Zhang

  2. Institute of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, Gansu, China

    Gang Su

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  1. Miao Chai
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Contributions

MC had the idea for the review and collected the articles. The first draft of the manuscript was written by MC. WC, JG, QW, and JS contributed to the revision of the review. GS and ZZ edited the review and performed proofreading and final editing. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Zhenchang Zhang.

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Chai, M., Su, G., Chen, W. et al. Effects of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Central Nervous System Diseases. Mol Neurobiol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-024-04032-8

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