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The Role of Resveratrol on Spinal Cord Injury: from Bench to Bedside

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Abstract

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe and disabling injury of the central nervous system, with complex pathological mechanisms leading to sensory and motor dysfunction. Pathological processes, such as oxidative stress, inflammatory response, apoptosis, and glial scarring are important factors that aggravate SCI. Therefore, the inhibition of these pathological processes may contribute to the treatment of SCI. Currently, the pathogenesis of SCI remains under investigation as SCI treatment has not progressed considerably. Resveratrol, a natural polyphenol with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, is considered a potential therapeutic drug for various diseases and plays a beneficial role in nerve damage. Preclinical studies have confirmed that signaling pathways are closely related to the pathological processes in SCI, and resveratrol is believed to exert therapeutic effects in SCI by activating the related signaling pathways. Based on current research on the pathways of resveratrol and its role in SCI, resveratrol may be a potentially effective treatment for SCI. This review summarizes the role of resveratrol in promoting the recovery of nerve function by regulating oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and glial scar formation in SCI through various mechanisms and pathways, as well as the deficiency of resveratrol in SCI research and the current and anticipated research trends of resveratrol. In addition, this review provides a background for further studies on the molecular mechanisms of SCI and the development of potential therapeutic agents. This information could also help clinicians understand the known mechanisms of action of resveratrol and provide better treatment options for patients with SCI.

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Abbreviations

SCI:

Spinal cord injury

Bcl-2:

B-cell lymphoma-2

ERK:

Extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase

IKK:

IκB kinase

JNK:

Jun N-terminal kinase

MyD88:

Myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88

PI3K:

Phosphoinositide 3-kinase

SIRT1:

Sirtuin 1

TLRs:

Toll-like receptors

TRIF:

TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-β

TBI:

Traumatic brain injury

SAH:

Subarachnoid hemorrhage

ROS:

Reactive oxygen

HIF-1α:

Hypoxia-inducing factor 1-α

CNS:

Central nervous system

iNOS:

Inducible nitric oxide synthase

MAPK:

Mitogen-activated protein kinase

AMPK:

Adenylate activated protein excitation

mTOR:

Mammalian target of rapamycin

LPS:

Lipopolysaccharide

LPO:

Lipid peroxidase

GSH:

Glutathione

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase,

PC:

Protein carbonyl,

GSK-3β:

Glycogen synthase kinase-3β,

ULK1:

Unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase 1,

Nrf2:

Nuclear factor erythrocyte 2 related factor 2,

PMMSN:

Manganese-doped silicon dioxide nanomedical system,

BSCB:

Blood-spinal barrier

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Funding

This work is supported by funding of the Science and Technology planning project of Jiangxi provincial health commission, China (No.202311919).

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  1. Department of Spine Surgery, Ganzhou People’s Hospital, 16 Meiguan Avenue, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People’s Republic of China

    Fei-xiang Lin, Qi-lin Pan, Hou-yun Gu, Fang-jun Zeng & Zhi-jun Lu

  2. Department of Spine Surgery, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University, (Ganzhou Hospital-Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University), 16 Meiguan Avenue, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341000, People’s Republic of China

    Fei-xiang Lin, Qi-lin Pan, Hou-yun Gu, Fang-jun Zeng & Zhi-jun Lu

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Fei-xiang Lin, Qi-lin Pan and Fang-jun Zeng conceived and designed the review. Fei-xiang Lin drafted the manuscript; Qi-lin Pan and Fang-jun Zeng edited and revised the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Lin, Fx., Pan, Ql., Gu, Hy. et al. The Role of Resveratrol on Spinal Cord Injury: from Bench to Bedside. Mol Neurobiol 61, 104–119 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-023-03558-7

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