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Neuroplasticity-Related Genes and Dopamine Receptors Associated with Regional Cortical Thickness Increase Following Electroconvulsive Therapy for Major Depressive Disorder

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Abstract

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective neuromodulatory therapy for major depressive disorder (MDD). Treatment is associated with regional changes in brain structure and function, indicating activation of neuroplastic processes. To investigate the underlying neurobiological mechanism of macroscopic reorganization following ECT, we longitudinally (before and after ECT in two centers) collected magnetic resonance images for 96 MDD patients. Similar patterns of cortical thickness (CT) changes following ECT were observed in two centers. These CT changes were spatially colocalized with a weighted combination of genes enriched for neuroplasticity-related ontology terms and pathways (e.g., synaptic pruning) as well as with a higher density of D2/3 dopamine receptors. A multiple linear regression model indicated that the region-specific gene expression and receptor density patterns explained 40% of the variance in CT changes after ECT. In conclusion, these findings suggested that dopamine signaling and neuroplasticity-related genes are associated with the ECT-induced morphological reorganization.

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Data Availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding authors.

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Acknowledgements

Thanks are due to all the participants.

Funding

This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Numbers 81971689 (J.J.), 81771456 (C.Z.), 82090034 (K.W.), 32071054 (Y.T.), 31571149 (K.W.), 82001429 (T.B.) and 31970979 (K.W.)); Excellent Youth Foundation of Sichuan Scientific Committee (2020JDJQ0016); the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (BX2021057); the Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Anhui Province (Grant Number 1808085J23); the Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health of Anhui Province; and the Youth Top-notch Talent Support Program of Anhui Medical University.

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Author notes

  1. Gong-Jun Ji and Jiao Li equally contributed to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, The School of Mental Health and Psychological Sciences, Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Shushan District, Hefei, 230032, China

    Gong-Jun Ji, Yingru Wang, Lei Zhang, Tongjian Bai, Chuyan Zhu & Kai Wang

  2. Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, 230088, China

    Gong-Jun Ji, Yingru Wang, Tongjian Bai, Ting Zhang, Chuyan Zhu & Kai Wang

  3. Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, 230032, China

    Gong-Jun Ji, Yingru Wang, Lei Zhang, Tongjian Bai, Ting Zhang, Chuyan Zhu & Kai Wang

  4. Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Anhui Province, Hefei, 230032, China

    Gong-Jun Ji, Yingru Wang, Lei Zhang, Tongjian Bai, Ting Zhang, Chuyan Zhu & Kai Wang

  5. The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610000, China

    Jiao Li & Wei Liao

  6. MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610000, China

    Jiao Li & Wei Liao

  7. Department of Psychiatry, Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, 230022, China

    Wen Xie & Kongliang He

  8. Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain and Behaviour, Research Centre Jülich, INM-7), Jülich, Germany

    Juergen Dukart

  9. Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40210, Düsseldorf, Germany

    Juergen Dukart

  10. Experimental Psychiatry Lab, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium

    Chris Baeken

  11. Department of Psychiatry, Free University Brussels, Brussels, Belgium

    Chris Baeken

  12. Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands

    Chris Baeken

  13. Anhui Institute of Translational Medicine, Hefei, China

    Kai Wang

  14. Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei, China

    Yanghua Tian

  15. Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China

    Ting Zhang

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  1. Gong-Jun Ji
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  2. Jiao Li
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  3. Wei Liao
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Contributions

Study design: Y. T. and K. W.; data acquisition and analysis: G. J., J. L., W. L., L. Z., T. B., T. Z., W. X., Y. W., and K. H.; data interpretation: Y. W., W. X., K. H., C. Z., and J. D.; manuscript draft: G. J., J. L., W. L., J. D., and C. B.; manuscript revision: Y. W., J. D., C. B.Y. T. and K. W. All authors have read and approved the submitted manuscript.

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Gong-Jun Ji, Yanghua Tian or Kai Wang.

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Ethics Approval and Consent to Participate

This study was approved by the local ethics committee in Anhui Medical University. Informed consent to participate in the study was obtained from all participants included in the study.

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Informed consent for publication was obtained from all participants included in the study.

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The authors declare no competing interests.

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Ji, GJ., Li, J., Liao, W. et al. Neuroplasticity-Related Genes and Dopamine Receptors Associated with Regional Cortical Thickness Increase Following Electroconvulsive Therapy for Major Depressive Disorder. Mol Neurobiol 60, 1465–1475 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-022-03132-7

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