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Reduced Serum Level of Interleukin-10 is Associated with Cerebral Infarction: A Case-Control and Meta-Analysis Study

Molecular Neurobiology volume 53, pages 2698–2704 (2016)Cite this article

Abstract

IL-10 expression limits inflammation and restricts the size of CNS damage from stroke. In this study, we examined the correlation between cerebral infarction (CI) and serum levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10) using a combination of case-control study and meta-analysis of published data, with an aim of understanding the relevance of serum IL-10 levels to CI development. This study enrolled a total of 169 CI patients admitted to the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University between May 2011 and November 2014. During the same period, a group of 145 individuals were recruited at the same hospital as healthy controls after thorough physical examination. Serum IL-10 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). SPSS 19.0 (IBM, 2010, Chicago, IL, USA) and Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 2.0 (CMA 2.0) software were used for data analysis. Serum levels of IL-10 (pg/mL) were significantly lower in CI patients when compared to healthy controls (15.36 ± 3.21 vs. 21.64 ± 5.17, t = 13.12, P < 0.001). In addition, patients with large artery atherosclerosis (LAAS), cardioembolic infarct (CEI), and lacunar infarct (LAC) displayed drastically reduced serum levels of IL-10 (pg/mL) compared to healthy controls (LAAS 14.77 ± 5.21, CEI 15.25 ± 5.10, LAC 16.58 ± 4.92, all P < 0.001). Interestingly, no significant differences were observed in the serum IL-10 levels when pair-wise comparisons were made between these three clinical subtypes of CI (all P > 0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that, with the exception of triglyceride (TG) and uric acid (UA) levels (both P > 0.05), the other seven parameters, including fasting blood glucose (FPG), total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), creatinine (Cr), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), strongly correlated with CI development (all P < 0.05). Meta-analysis of pooled data from nine case-control studies revealed an inverse correlation between the serum IL-10 levels and CI (SMD = 1.797, 95 % CI 0.785~2.810, P = 0.001). Subgroup analysis based on country showed that low serum levels of IL-10 may be the major risk factor for CI in Croatia (SMD = 2.961, 95 % CI 2.480~3.443, P < 0.001) and India (SMD = 1.440, 95 % CI 1.129–1.750, P < 0.001). Further, subgroup analysis based on ethnicity showed that IL-10 serum levels and CI displayed negative relationship in Asians (SMD = 2.522, 95 % CI 0.468~4.576, P = 0.016) but not in Caucasians (P > 0.05). Our study provided convincing evidence that the patients with CI exhibit consistently reduced serum levels of IL-10, and IL-10 may be a major player in the development and progression of CI.

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Acknowledgments

This research is funded by the Key Research Project of Medical Science of Health and Family Planning Commission of Hebei Province (20100084). We acknowledge the reviewers for their helpful comments on this paper.

Competing Interests

The authors have proclaimed that no existing competing interests.

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Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.215 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People’s Republic of China

    Yifei Zhu

  2. Department of Radiology, the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People’s Republic of China

    Haiqing Yang

  3. Department of Cerebrovascular Disease, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China

    Zengyan Diao & Yi Li

  4. Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China

    Chuanzhu Yan

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  1. Yifei Zhu
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  2. Haiqing Yang
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  3. Zengyan Diao
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  4. Yi Li
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  5. Chuanzhu Yan
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Correspondence to Yifei Zhu.

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Yifei Zhu and Haiqing Yang contributed equally to this research.

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Zhu, Y., Yang, H., Diao, Z. et al. Reduced Serum Level of Interleukin-10 is Associated with Cerebral Infarction: A Case-Control and Meta-Analysis Study. Mol Neurobiol 53, 2698–2704 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-015-9368-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-015-9368-y

Keywords

  • Cerebral infarction
  • IL-10
  • Large artery atherosclerosis
  • Cardioembolic infarct
  • Lacunar infarct
  • Inflammatory cytokines
  • Anti-inflammatory cytokines
  • Case-control study