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Evaluation of the Effects of Fructose on Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Parameters in Rat Brain

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Abstract

Hereditary fructose intolerance is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the accumulation of fructose in tissues and biological fluids of patients. The disease results from a deficiency of aldolase B, responsible for metabolizing fructose in the liver, kidney, and small intestine. We investigated the effect of acute fructose administration on oxidative stress and neuroinflammatory parameters in the cerebral cortex of 30-day-old Wistar rats. Animals received subcutaneous injection of sodium chloride (0.9 %) (control group) or fructose solution (5 μmol/g) (fructose group). One hour later, the animals were euthanized and the cerebral cortex was isolated. Oxidative stress (levels of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBA-RS), carbonyl content, nitrate and nitrite levels, 2′,7′-dihydrodichlorofluorescein (DCFH) oxidation, glutathione (GSH) levels, as well as the activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)) and neuroinflammatory parameters (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity) were investigated. Acute fructose administration increased levels of TBA-RS and carbonyl content, indicating lipid peroxidation and protein damage. Furthermore, SOD activity increased, whereas CAT activity was decreased. The levels of GSH, nitrate, and nitrite and DCFH oxidation were not altered by acute fructose administration. Finally, cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels, as well as MPO activity, were not altered. Our present data indicate that fructose provokes oxidative stress in the cerebral cortex, which induces oxidation of lipids and proteins and changes of CAT and SOD activities. It seems therefore reasonable to propose that antioxidants may serve as an adjuvant therapy to diets or to other pharmacological agents used for these patients, to avoid oxidative damage to the brain.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by grants from Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (CNPq), Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC), and Núcleo de Excelência em Neurociências Aplicadas de Santa Catarina (NENASC project, PRONEX). We thank Soliany Grassi Maravai for the determination of fructose levels in the serum of the animals.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Erros Inatos do Metabolismo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Avenida Universitária, 1105, Bloco S, Sala 6, 88806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brazil

    Abigail Lopes, Thais Ceresér Vilela, Luciane Taschetto & Patrícia Fernanda Schuck

  2. Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil

    Franciele Vuolo & Felipe Dal-Pizzol

  3. Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Clínica e Experimental, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil

    Fabricia Petronilho

  4. Laboratório de Bioenergética, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil

    Emilio Luiz Streck

  5. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Bloco G, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, 21941-902, RJ, Brazil

    Gustavo Costa Ferreira

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  1. Abigail Lopes
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  2. Thais Ceresér Vilela
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  3. Luciane Taschetto
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  4. Franciele Vuolo
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  8. Gustavo Costa Ferreira
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  9. Patrícia Fernanda Schuck
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Correspondence to Patrícia Fernanda Schuck.

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Lopes, A., Vilela, T.C., Taschetto, L. et al. Evaluation of the Effects of Fructose on Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Parameters in Rat Brain. Mol Neurobiol 50, 1124–1130 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12035-014-8676-y

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