Abstract
Mechano-thermal method was used for synthesizing the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in this study. In this method, graphite powders in the elemental form were firstly exposed to milling process in high-energy ball milling and then the milled powders were annealed at high temperatures. As a result of milling of the graphite, ultra-active disordered carbon structures were obtained. This structure serves as a carbon source for the formation of nanotubes during the annealing process. This study investigated the effect of the milling process. For this purpose, graphite powders were milled at different periods such as 5 and 150 h and then annealed at 1600 °C. The transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy examinations demonstrated that CNTs formed in samples milled both for 5 and 150 h. However, the difference in the milling time influenced the amount of CNTs, their size and the formation of other structures except from nanotubes.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Iijima S 1991 Nature 354 56
Terrones M, Hsu W K, Kroto H W and Walton D R M 1999, Top. Curr. Chem. 199 189
Dai L (ed) 2006 Carbon nanotechnology (UK: Elsevier) p 53
Niwase K, Tanaka T, Kakimoto Y, Ishihara K N and Shingu P H 1995 Mater. Trans. JIM 36 282
Hermann H, Schubert T, Gruner W and Mattern N 1997 Nano Mater. 8 215
Chen X H, Yang H S and Wu G T 2000 J. Cryst. Growth 218 57
Chen Y, Conway M J and Fitz Gerald J D 2003 Appl. Phys. A 76 633
Chen Y, Conway M J, Fitz Gerald J D, Williams J S and Chadderton L T 2004 Carbon 42 1543
Güler Ö and Evin E 2012 Optoelectron. Adv. Mater. 6 183
Chen Y, Fitz Gerald J, Chadderton L T and Chaffron L 1999 Appl. Phys. Lett. 74 2782
Manafi S A, Amin M H, Rahimipour M R, Salahi E and Kazemzadeh A 2009 Nano Express 4 296
Fukunaga T, Nagano K, Mizutani U, Wakayama H and Fukushima Y 1998 J. Non-Cryst. Solids 232–234 416
Li J L, Wang L J, Bai G Z and Jiang W 2006 Scr. Mater. 54 93
Li J L, Peng Q S, Bai G Z and Jiang W 2005 Carbon 43 2830
Li J L, Wang L J and Jiang W 2006 Appl. Phys. A 83 385
Huang J Y, Yusuda H and Mori H 1999 Chem. Phys. Lett. 303 130
Acknowledgement
We would like to acknowledge for the financial support of Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBITAK, Project no. 107M249).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
EVİN, E., GÜLER, Ö., AKSOY, M. et al. Effect of milling time on the formation of carbon nanotube by mechano-thermal method. Bull Mater Sci 38, 857–863 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-015-0952-6
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-015-0952-6