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Potassium Phosphite Activates Components Associated with Constitutive Defense Responses in Coffea arabica Cultivars

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Abstract

Phosphites have been used as inducers of resistance, activating the defense of plants and increasing its ability to respond to the invasion of the pathogen. However, the mode of action of phosphites in defense responses has not yet been fully elucidated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of potassium phosphite (KPhi) in coffee cultivars with different levels of resistance to rust to clarify the mechanism by which KPhi activates the constitutive defense of plants. To this end, we studied the expression of genes and the activity of enzymes involved in the defense pathway of salicylic acid (SA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), in addition to the levels of total soluble phenolic compounds and soluble lignin. Treatment with KPhi induced constitutive defense responses in cultivars resistant and susceptible to rust. The results suggest that KPhi acts in two parallel defense pathways, SA and ROS, which are essential for the induction of systemic acquired resistance (SAR) when activated simultaneously. The activation of the mechanisms associated with defense routes demonstrates that KPhi is a potential inducer of resistance in coffee plants.

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Data Availability Statement

All the data from this study are available in the article and in the supplementary material.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Dr. Bárbara Alves dos Santos Ciscon and Matheus Henrique de Brito Pereira for their help in conducting the experiment.

Funding

This study was funded in part by the Brazilian Federal Agency for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), Financial Code 001; National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq); the Minas Gerais Research Foundation (FAPEMIG) and the National Institute of Coffee Science and Technology (INCT-Café).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Phytopathology, Federal University of Lavras, Trevo Rotatório Professor Edmir Sá Santos, Lavras, Minas Gerais, CEP 37203-202, Brazil

    Priscilla de Fátima Pereira Silva, Mário Lúcio Vilela de Resende, Tharyn Reichel, Deila Magna dos Santos Botelho & Natália Chagas Freitas

  2. Graduate Program in Plant Biotechnology, Federal University of Lavras, Trevo Rotatório Professor Edmir Sá Santos, Lavras, Minas Gerais, CEP 37203-202, Brazil

    Mariana de Lima Santos

  3. Department of Statistics, Federal University of Alfenas, Rua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva, Centro, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, CEP 37130-001, Brazil

    Eric Batista Ferreira

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  1. Priscilla de Fátima Pereira Silva
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Contributions

Conception of the study: PFPS, MLVR, NCF, MLS, TR, and DMSB. Preparation of plant material: PFPS, MLS, NCF, and DMSB. RT-qPCR extractions: PFPS, NCF, and MLS. RT-qPCR: PFPS, NCF, and TR analyses. Analysis of reference genes: PFPS and TR. Enzymatic analyses and secondary metabolites: PFPS, TR, and DMSB. Statistical analyses: PFPS, EBF, and DMSB. Graphs: PFPS, EBF, and TR. Analysis and interpretation of data: PFPS, TR, and NCF. Writing of the article: PFPS. Critical review of the article: MLVR, NCF, TR, DMSB, and MLS. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Mário Lúcio Vilela de Resende.

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de Fátima Pereira Silva, P., de Resende, M.L.V., Reichel, T. et al. Potassium Phosphite Activates Components Associated with Constitutive Defense Responses in Coffea arabica Cultivars. Mol Biotechnol 65, 1777–1795 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12033-023-00683-5

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