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Unfolding the Role of BDNF as a Biomarker for Treatment of Depression

Journal of Molecular Neuroscience volume 71, pages 2008–2021 (2021)Cite this article

Abstract

Depression is a well-known disabling mental illness characterized by sadness, loss of interest in activities, and decreased energy. The symptoms of depression are usually recurrent in vulnerable individuals, and persistence of symptoms significantly impairs individuals’ quality of life. The exact pathophysiology of depression remains ambiguous, though many hypotheses have been proposed. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has recently been reported to play a vital role in the pathophysiology of depression. BDNF is an important neurotrophic factor found in the human brain and is involved in neuronal growth and proliferation, synaptic neurotransmission, and neuroplasticity. The neurotrophic theory of depression proposes that depression results from reduced BDNF levels in the brain, which can be treated with antidepressants to alleviate depressive behavior and increase BDNF levels. The aim of this review is to provide broad insight into the role of BDNF in the pathogenesis of depression and in antidepressant therapy. The studies mentioned in this review article greatly support the role of BDNF in the pathogenesis of depression and treatment of this disorder with antidepressants. Since abnormalities in BDNF levels lead to the production of diverse insults that amplify the development or progression of depression, it is important to study and explore BDNF impairment in relation to depression, neuroplasticity, and neurogenesis, and increasing BDNF levels through antidepressant therapy, showing positive response in the management of depression.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Chitkara University, Punjab, India for providing the basic facilities for completion of the current article.

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  1. Tarapati Rana and Tapan Behl are equally contributed to this work.

Affiliations

  1. Government Pharmacy College, Seraj, Mandi, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Tarapati Rana & Aayush Sehgal

  2. Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India

    Tapan Behl & Pranay Srivastava

  3. Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA

    Simona Bungau

  4. Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania

    Simona Bungau

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  1. Tarapati Rana
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TR and TB: Conceived the idea and wrote the first draft. AS: Figure work. PS: Data compilation. SB: Proofreading.

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Rana, T., Behl, T., Sehgal, A. et al. Unfolding the Role of BDNF as a Biomarker for Treatment of Depression. J Mol Neurosci 71, 2008–2021 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-020-01754-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-020-01754-x

Keywords

  • Depression
  • Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
  • Mental illness
  • Neuroplasticity
  • Neurogenesis
  • Antidepressant