Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Epidemiologic and Pathologic Study of Pancreatic Cancer in Hamadan, Iran (2008 to 2018)

  • Original Research
  • Published:
Journal of Gastrointestinal Cancer Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

Pancreatic cancer is the seventh leading cause of cancer death in cases. The study was conducted to determine the epidemiologic and pathologic of pancreatic cancer

Methods

A case series study was conducted retrospectively at Beheshti Hospital in Hamadan, Iran. A total of 409 cases that had been diagnosed with pancreatic cancer from 2008 to 2018 were reviewed. The variables included age, gender, occupation, pathological type, location involved, early symptoms, metastasis status, prognosis, and treatments were extracted from the files and recorded in checklist. Data were analyzed by using SPSS/20 software.

Results

Pancreatic cancer has been increasing trend in terms of time (2008–2018). Pancreatic cancer was most common age in the sixth decade of life and is more common in men than women. There was a significant relationship between aging and the incidence of pancreatic cancers (P < 0.05). Most of the subjects were urban (50.4%). The frequencies of smoking, alcohol, and drugs were 34.5, 15.6, and 14.0%, respectively. Also, there was no statistically significant relationship between smoking, alcohol, and drugs and pancreatic cancer (P > 0.05). The frequency of pancreatic cancers included adenocarcinomas (66.7%), unknown (25.2%), mucinous adenocarcinomas (4.2%), and carcinoma (3.9%), respectively.

Conclusion

Pancreatic cancer has been increasing trend in terms of time. Pancreatic cancer was most common age in the sixth decade of life and is more common in men than women. The most common type of pancreatic cancer was adenocarcinoma. Diagnosis usually occurs at higher stages. More preventive considerations were found to be beneficial among this population.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

Data Availability

All the data was collected from original patient’s files.

Code Availability

Not applicable for this section.

References

  1. Yadav D, Lowenfels AB. The epidemiology of pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer. Gastroenterology. 2013;144(6):1252–61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Bray F, Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Siegel RL, Torre LA, Jemal A. Global cancer statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA: a cancer journal for clinicians. 2018;68(6):394–424.

  3. Ilic M, Ilic I. Epidemiology of pancreatic cancer. World J Gastroenterol. 2016;22(44):9694.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Roth GA, Abate D, Abate KH, Abay SM, Abbafati C, Abbasi N, et al. Global, regional, and national age-sex-specific mortality for 282 causes of death in 195 countries and territories, 1980–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. The Lancet. 2018;392(10159):1736–88.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Ahmadloo N, Bidouei F, Omidvari S, Ansari M, Mosalaei A, Mohammadianpanah M. Pancreatic cancer in southern Iran. 2010:624–630.

  6. Hadizadeh M, Padashi M, Mohammad Alizadeh A, Zali MR. Clinical, laboratory biomarkers and imaging findings of pancreatic adenocarcinoma in Iran. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2014;15(10):4349–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Pourhoseingholi MA, Fazeli Z, Ashtari S, Bavand-Pour FSF. Mortality trends of gastrointestinal cancers in Iranian population. Gastroenterology and hepatology from bed to bench. 2013;6(Suppl 1):S52-57.

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  8. Zahir ST, Arjmand A, Kargar S, Neishaboury M. Incidence and trends of malignant and benign pancreatic lesions in Yazd, Iran between 2001 and 2011. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2013;14(4):2631–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Salehi F, Ahmadi A, Ahmadi Soodejani SS, Shahini SM. The changing trend of mortality caused by gastrointestinal cancers in Iran during the years 2006–2010. Arq Gastroenterol. 2018;55(3):237–41.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Pandol S, et al. Epidemiology, risk factors, and the promotion of pancreatic cancer: role of the stellate cell. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2012;27:127–34.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Siri FH, Salehiniya H. Pancreatic cancer in Iran: an epidemiological review. J Gastrointest Cancer. 2020;51(2):418–24.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Bosetti C, Bravi F, Turati F, Edefonti V, Polesel J, Decarli A, et al. Nutrient-based dietary patterns and pancreatic cancer risk. Ann Epidemiol. 2013;23(3):124–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Zhang Q, Zeng L, Chen Y, Lian G, Qian C, Chen S, et al. Pancreatic cancer epidemiology, detection, and management. Gastroenterol Res Pract. 2016;2016:8962321. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/8962321.

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  14. Ghorbani Z, Hekmatdoost A, Poustchi H, Pourshams A, Malekshah AF, Sharafkhah M, et al. Higher intake of dietary fiber, but not fruits or vegetables is associated with lower risk of pancreatic cancer: a large prospective study. Govaresh. 2017;22(1):17–27.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Shobeiri F, Afshari KD, Nazari S, Nazari S, Farhadian M. Effect of nutritional program on nutritional behavior in pregnant women at Hamadan. Iran Journal of Postgraduate Medical Institute. 2018;32(4):368–71.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Shakeri R, Kamangar F, Mohamadnejad M, Tabrizi R, Zamani F, Mohamadkhani A, et al. Opium use, cigarette smoking, and alcohol consumption in relation to pancreatic cancer. Medicine. 2016;95(28):3922.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. https://icd.who.int/browse10/2019/en.

  18. Tolou-Ghamari Z. Pancreatic cancer: demographics and prevalence. Clinical Cancer Investigation Journal. 2020;9(4):155.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Rawla P, Sunkara T, Gaduputi V. Epidemiology of pancreatic cancer: global trends, etiology and risk factors. World Journal of Oncology. 2019;10(1):10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Raimondi S, Lowenfels AB, Morselli-Labate AM, Maisonneuve P, Pezzilli R. Pancreatic cancer in chronic pancreatitis: aetiology, incidence, and early detection. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2010;24(3):349–58.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Huang J, Lok V, Ngai CH, Zhang L, Yuan J, Lao XQ, et al. Worldwide burden of, risk factors for, and trends in pancreatic cancer. Gastroenterology. 2021;160(3):744–54.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This research is based on the Medical Doctoral Thesis approved by Research Deputy of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences with Project No. 9809126662. The ID Code of Ethics Committee was IR.UMSHA.REC.1398.660. This study was supported by Deputy of Research and Health in Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.

Funding

This study was supported by Deputy of Research and Health in Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran

    Elham Khanlarzadeh

  2. Student Research Center, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran

    Saman Nazari & Sasan Nazari

  3. Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran

    Mehdi Ghobakhlou & Hossein Ranjbar

Authors
  1. Elham Khanlarzadeh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Saman Nazari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Mehdi Ghobakhlou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Hossein Ranjbar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Sasan Nazari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

Saman Nazari conceived the idea, planned the study, and drafted the manuscript. All authors helped acquisition of data, did statistical analysis, editing, and final approval of manuscript. All authors contributed significantly to the submitted manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Saman Nazari.

Ethics declarations

Ethics Approval

This research is based on the Medical Doctoral Thesis approved by Research Deputy of Hamadan University of Medical Sciences with Project No. 9809126662. The ID Code of Ethics Committee was IR.UMSHA.REC.1398.660.

Research involving human and animal participants

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

Consent to Participate

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.

Consent for Publication

There is a covering letter for this manuscript.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Khanlarzadeh, E., Nazari, S., Ghobakhlou, M. et al. Epidemiologic and Pathologic Study of Pancreatic Cancer in Hamadan, Iran (2008 to 2018). J Gastrointest Canc 53, 725–729 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12029-021-00706-x

Download citation

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12029-021-00706-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation