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Systemic Glucose and Brain Energy Metabolism after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

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Abstract

Background

Brain energy metabolic crisis (MC) and lactate–pyruvate ratio (LPR) elevations have been linked to poor outcome in comatose patients. We sought to determine if MC and LPR elevations after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) are associated with acute reductions in serum glucose.

Methods

Twenty-eight consecutive comatose SAH patients that underwent multimodality monitoring with intracranial pressure and microdialysis were studied. MC was defined as lactate/pyruvate ratio (LPR) ≥ 40 and brain glucose < 0.7 mmol/l. Time-series data were analyzed using a multivariable general linear model with a logistic link function for dichotomized outcomes.

Results

Multimodality monitoring included 3,178 h of observation (mean 114 ± 65 h per patient). In exploratory analysis, serum glucose significantly decreased from 8.2 ± 1.8 mmol/l (148 mg/dl) 2 h before to 6.9 ± 1.9 mmol/l (124 mg/dl) at the onset of MC (P < 0.001). Reductions in serum glucose of 25% or more were significantly associated with new onset MC (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.2–6.0). Acute reductions in serum glucose of 25% or more were also significantly associated with an LPR rise of 25% or more (adjusted OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1–2.4). All analyses were adjusted for significant covariates including Glasgow Coma Scale and cerebral perfusion pressure.

Conclusions

Acute reductions in serum glucose, even to levels within the normal range, may be associated with brain energy metabolic crisis and LPR elevation in poor-grade SAH patients.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the attendings, fellows and nurses of the Neuroscience ICU for their overall support of this project. We thank Martina Pavlicova, PhD, Department of Biostatistics Columbia University for statistical review.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Critical Care Neurology, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, Milstein Hospital 8 Center, 177 Fort Washington Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA

    Raimund Helbok, J. Michael Schmidt, Pedro Kurtz, Khalid A. Hanafy, Luis Fernandez, R. Morgan Stuart, Mary Presciutti, Noeleen D. Ostapkovich, E. Sander Connolly, Kiwon Lee, Neeraj Badjatia, Stephan A. Mayer & Jan Claassen

  2. Clinical Department of Neurology, Neurological Intensive Care Unit, Medical University Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria

    Raimund Helbok

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  1. Raimund Helbok
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  2. J. Michael Schmidt
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  3. Pedro Kurtz
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  4. Khalid A. Hanafy
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  5. Luis Fernandez
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  6. R. Morgan Stuart
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  9. E. Sander Connolly
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  12. Stephan A. Mayer
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  13. Jan Claassen
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Correspondence to Jan Claassen.

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Helbok, R., Schmidt, J.M., Kurtz, P. et al. Systemic Glucose and Brain Energy Metabolism after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Neurocrit Care 12, 317–323 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-009-9327-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-009-9327-4

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