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Gut microbiota and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a focus on the gut-brain axis

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Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become one of the most serious public healthcare challenges, contributing to increased mortality and disability. In the past decades, significant progress has been made in understanding the pathogenesis of T2DM. Mounting evidence suggested that gut microbiota (GM) plays a significant role in the development of T2DM. Communication between the GM and the brain is a complex bidirectional connection, known as the “gut-brain axis,” via the nervous, neuroendocrine, and immune systems. Gut-brain axis has an essential impact on various physiological processes, including glucose metabolism, food intake, gut motility, etc. In this review, we provide an outline of the gut-brain axis. We also highlight how the dysbiosis of the gut-brain axis affects glucose homeostasis and even results in T2DM.

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Acknowledgements

We thank all the peer reviewers for their opinions and suggestions.

Funding

This work was supported by the Key R&D Plan Social Development Project of Jiangsu Province (SBE2023741128), the National Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (SBK2023022865), the sixth phase 333 high-level talent training project of Jiangsu Province (tackling bottleneck technology) (BRA2022008).

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  1. Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China

    Yi Pan, Tong Bu, Xia Deng, Jue Jia & Guoyue Yuan

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  1. Yi Pan
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  3. Xia Deng
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study’s conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by T.B., X.D., and J.J. The first draft of the manuscript was written by Y.P. and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Guoyue Yuan.

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Pan, Y., Bu, T., Deng, X. et al. Gut microbiota and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a focus on the gut-brain axis. Endocrine 84, 1–15 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-023-03640-z

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