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Diabetes and ovarian cancer: risk factors, molecular mechanisms and impact on prognosis

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Abstract

Background and aim

Diabetes mellitus has been linked to a lower rate of cancer survival and an increase in the incidence of most malignancies. Investigations showed that diabetes might affect ovarian cancer (OC) prognosis and survival. Based on the current information, this study intends to review the risk factors, molecular pathways, and impact of diabetes on OC.

Methods

The data was derived from online databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus. The inclusion criteria were original studies, which included the risk factors, molecular mechanisms, and impact of diabetes on OC. The effect of different antidiabetic drugs was also discussed in this manuscript. All of the clinical, in vivo, and in vitro studies were included in the present study.

Results

The diagnosis of diabetes mellitus negatively affects the survival and prognosis in OC cases. The epidemiologic data shows that the risk of OC increases in patients with diabetes mellitus compared to the healthy population. Insulin-like growth factors family was raised in diabetic patients, which target several mechanisms, including targeting oxidative stress, angiogenesis, and tumor markers. Antidiabetic drugs such as metformin, sitagliptin, and rosiglitazone have a promising effect on elongation of survival and enhancement of prognosis in OC patients.

Conclusions

Diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for OC in women, and it negatively impacts survival and prognosis. Molecular mechanisms such as IGF family, oxidative stress, and inflammatory cytokines have been identified to explain this relationship. Antidiabetic drugs like metformin, sitagliptin, and rosiglitazone have shown promise in improving survival and prognosis of OC patients.

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Data availability

All data generated during this study are included in this published article.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences for financial support.

Funding

This research was supported by the Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences (Grant # 401044) and F.K. has received research support from Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran

    Farzaneh Karimi

  2. Hyperlipidemia Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran

    Negar Dinarvand

  3. Department of Parasiotology, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran

    Mohammad Sabaghan

  4. Department of Radiology Technology, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran

    Omid Azadbakht

  5. Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran

    Shima Ataee

  6. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran

    Ebrahim Kharazinejad

  7. Instructor of Operating Room, Behbahan Faculty of Medical Sciences, Behbahan, Iran

    Mostafa Moazamfard

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F.K. contributed to the study conception and design. The first draft of the manuscript was written by F.K. and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Karimi, F., Dinarvand, N., Sabaghan, M. et al. Diabetes and ovarian cancer: risk factors, molecular mechanisms and impact on prognosis. Endocrine 83, 1–9 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-023-03477-6

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