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Dietary inflammatory index and osteoporosis: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2017–2018

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Abstract

Purpose

The dietary inflammatory index (DII) is a scoring system to quantify the inflammatory effects of nutrients and foods. Inflammation may affect bone health. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships of DII with bone mineral density (BMD) and osteoporosis.

Methods

This study involved 1023 women and 1080 men (age ≥ 50) in the US National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHANES), 2017–2018. Multivariable linear regression models were used to estimate the associations between DII and BMD. Association between DII and osteoporosis was tested with multivariable logistic regression models.

Results

In women, DII was negatively associated with total hip and femoral neck BMD after adjusting for covariates (P < 0.05). In men, DII was negatively associated with lumbar spine BMD (P < 0.05). DII was positively associated with osteoporosis in women (P < 0.05). The odds ratios (ORs) (95% CI) for osteoporosis associated with DII quartiles 2, 3 and 4 vs. quartile 1 were 2.95 (1.08, 8.09), 5.63 (2.87, 11.04), and 6.14(2.55, 14.78), respectively. No significant association was observed in men.

Conclusions

Higher DII scores were associated with increase osteoporosis risk in women, while no association was found in men. Greater pro-inflammatory diets might be associated with lower BMD in both women and men.

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Funding

This research work was conducted with financial support from the Natural Science Foundation of Science and Technology Development of Jilin Province, China (Grant No. 20180101129JC).

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Author notes

  1. These authors contributed equally: Saisai Zhao, Wenhui Gao

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130021, China

    Saisai Zhao, Wenhui Gao, Mengzi Sun, Jiaxin Fang, Li Tong, Yue He, Yanfang Wang, Yuan Zhang, Yan Xu, Shuman Yang & Lina Jin

  2. College of Software, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China

    Jingsong Li

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  1. Saisai Zhao
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  2. Wenhui Gao
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Contributions

SZ and WG: Data curation, Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Formal analysis, Validation, Writing - Original draft preparation, Writing - review & editing. JL, MS, JF, and LT: Writing - Review & Editing, Investigation. YH, YW, YZ, and YX, Resources, Supervision. SY and LJ: Writing - Review & Editing, Supervision, Conceptualization, Project administration. All authors agreed with the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Shuman Yang or Lina Jin.

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Zhao, S., Gao, W., Li, J. et al. Dietary inflammatory index and osteoporosis: the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2017–2018. Endocrine 78, 587–596 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-022-03178-6

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