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MicroRNA expression profiles of the thyroid after goiter formation and involution in rats under different iodine regimens

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Abstract

Background

Thyroid damage occurs during experimental iodine-deficient goiter and involution with iodine supplementation. This study investigated the dynamic microRNAs (miRNAs) expression profiles in iodine-deficient thyroids during adequate and excessive iodine supplementation.

Methods

Twenty-four female Wistar rats were randomly divided into control, low-iodine (LI), LI-1I, and LI-2I groups. The LI-1I and LI-2I groups were fed a LI diet for 12 weeks, followed by a onefold (adequate) or twofold (excessive) physiological dose of iodine for 4 weeks to induce involution. The miRNA expression profiles were evaluated and the potential functions of the differentially expressed miRNAs identified were explored.

Results

In the LI group, 20 miRNAs were downregulated and 8 were upregulated. After involution, 21 miRNAs recovered to the control group levels in the LI-1I group, which was more than the 17 that recovered in the LI-2I group. In addition, 8 new differentially expressed miRNAs were identified in the LI-1I group, which was less than the 13 found in the LI-2I group. Bioinformatics analyses indicated that all differentially expressed miRNAs were involved in different processes and pathways, such as autoimmune thyroid disease and the Ras signaling pathway.

Conclusion

Differentially expressed miRNAs are involved in iodine-deficient goiter formation and involution. Supplementation with adequate, not excessive, iodine may be more beneficial to restore homeostasis.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Medjaden Bioscience Limited for English editing.

Funding

This work was funded by W.C. (Grant Number 81372970) and J.M. (Grant Number LFWK201702 and LR2019075).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Institute of Endocrinology, NHC Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Thyroid Diseases, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China

    Jianwei Zhao, Jiashu Yu, Zhongyan Shan, Weiping Teng & Jinyuan Mao

  2. Jiading District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China

    Jianwei Zhao

  3. Department of Emergency, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China

    Chang Liu & Wei Chong

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  1. Jianwei Zhao
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Contributions

Data analysis and writing—original draft preparation: J.Z. and J.M.; methodology: J.Y. and W.C.; project supervision: Z.S. and W.T.; data analysis: J.Z, C.L and J.M.; funding acquisition: W.C. and J.M.; and project administration and writing—review and editing: J.M.

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Correspondence to Jinyuan Mao.

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All procedures performed in studies involving rats were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Zhao, J., Yu, J., Shan, Z. et al. MicroRNA expression profiles of the thyroid after goiter formation and involution in rats under different iodine regimens. Endocrine 73, 598–608 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-021-02679-0

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