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Thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TIRADS) for ultrasound features of nodules: multicentric retrospective study in China

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Abstract

Purpose

To establish a practical and simplified Chinese thyroid imaging reporting and data system (C-TIRADS) based on the Chinese patient database.

Methods

A total of 2141 thyroid nodules that were neither cystic nor spongy were used in the current study. These specimens were derived from 2141 patients in 131 alliance hospitals of the Chinese Artificial Intelligence Alliance for Thyroid and Breast Ultrasound. The ultrasound features, including location, orientation, margin, halo, composition, echogenicity, echotexture, echogenic foci and posterior features were assessed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to investigate the association between ultrasound features and malignancy. The regression equation, the weighting, and the counting methods were used to determine the malignant risk of the thyroid nodules. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (Az values) were calculated.

Results

Of the 2141 thyroid nodules, 1572 were benign, 565 were malignant, and 4 were borderline. Vertical orientation, ill-defined, or irregular margin (including extrathyroidal extension), microcalcifications, solid, and markedly hypoechoic were positively associated with malignancy, while comet-tail artifacts were negatively associated with malignancy. The logistic regression equation yielded the highest Az value of 0.913, which was significantly higher than that obtained using the weighting method (0.893) and the counting method (0.890); however, no significant difference was found between the latter two. The C-TIRADS, based on the counting method, was designed following the principle of balancing the diagnostic performance and sensitivity of the risk stratification with the ease of use.

Conclusions

A relatively simple C-TIRADS was established using the counting value of positive and negative ultrasound features.

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Acknowledgements

This study was supported by the project of Shanghai municipal health and family planning commission (Grant 20174Y0069). We would like to express our sincere gratitude to all doctors from the Chinese Artificial Intelligence Alliance for Thyroid and Breast Ultrasound (CAAU) member hospitals who provided ultrasound data on thyroid nodules for this study.

The Superficial Organ and Vascular Ultrasound Group of the Society of Ultrasound in Medicine of Chinese Medical Association

Bao Ming Luo13, Bei Jian Huang14, ChaoYang Wen15, ChengRong Mi16, DaoZhong Huang17, EnSheng Xue18, Gang Wu19, GuoQing Du20, HaiTao Ran20, HuiJuan Xiang21, JiaAn Zhu22, Jian Wang23, JianChu Li24, Jie Tang25, Jing Li26, JingChun Yang27, Lei Zhang28, LiGang Cui28, LingYun Bao29, LiXue Yin30, Man Lu31, Mei Zhu32, Min Chen33, Nima Yuzhen34, PengFei Zhang35, Rong Wu36, RuiJun Guo37, ShaoYun Hao38, ShiBao Fang39, Tao Chen40, WeiWei Zhan41, Ying Zhu42, YingJia Li43, YongPing Lu44, YouBin Deng17, YuanYi Zheng45, Yue Chen46, YuKun Luo47, YuLan Peng48

The Chinese Artificial Intelligence Alliance for Thyroid and Breast Ultrasound

Bai BaoYan49, Cai YuanJin50, Chang Xin51, Che Guihua52, Chen Fu53, Chen hongTian54, Chen hongYan55, Chen hongYan56, Chen huiPin57, Chen Jiehuan58, Chen nianQiao59, Chen Wu24, Chen Xinguang60, Chen XiuPing61, Cui Guanghe62, Dai LiPing63, Deng XueDong64, Dong LiLi65, Du Gang66, Fang Chao67, Fang FengKai68, Fei ZhengDong69, Feng LiLi70, Fu Jian71, Guan Ling72, Guo JianQin73, Han Wen74, He Nianan75, He ShaoZheng76, He XueMei77, Hou AiQin78, Hu Jie79, Hu LiYan80, Huang DingWei81, Huang JianYuan82, Huang Li83, Huang PeiPei84, Huang WeiWei85, Jia LiQiong86, Jiang Xinhui87, Kang huiLi88, Kong XiangChong89, Lei XiaoQing90, Li AnYang91, Li Chen92, Li Cheng93, Li ChuanYin94, Li Dong95, Li HaiYan96, Li hongMei97, Li huiWen98, Li JianXin99, Li Ning100, Li QiaoYing101, Li QinYing102, Li Tao103, Li WenDong104, Li XingYun105, Li Zhao106, Liang GuoSheng107, Lin Jie108, Liu Aihua109, Liu HongMin110, Liu Jia111, Liu Kun112, Liu YanChao113, Lou KeXin114, Lu YeJun115, Mao Feng116, Miao Juan117, Ni XueJun118, Pan XiaoJie119, Pang Yun120, Peng Mei121, Peng ZhenYi62, Pi YanMin122, Qi TingYue123, Qin QianMiao124, Qing Shunhua125, Qu JianFeng126, Ren Jinhe127, Renagu Li.aiSha128, Ru RongRong129, Shen Tao130, Shi HongWei131, Shi Jie132, Shi LiYing133, Shou JinDuo134, Song LinLin135, Su DeMin136, Sun AnYi137, Sun Zhuogui138, Tang Binhui139, Tang Li Na140, Wan Qing141, Wang Fang142, Wang Fang143, Wang Jing144, Wang JinPing145, Wang Li146, Wang Wei147, Wang XinFang148, Wang YaLi149, Wang YanBin150, Wang YanQing151, Wang YanZhen152, Wang YingChun153, Wang YuanSheng154, Wang ZhaoRui155, Wu ChangJun156, Wu HaiYan157, Wu Jing158, Wu JinYu159, Wu Liang160, Wu LinSong161, Wu Qing162, Wu Tao163, Wu Ting164, Wu Ting165, Wu WenJing166, Wu ZhiLing167, Wu ZhongQiu168, Xiao LiFang169, Xie ChuanWen170, Xie Xiaohong171, Xu Quan172, Xue Dan173, Yan JingBin174, Yan JiPing175, Yang JianQing176, Yang Jie177, Yang QingYa178, Yang XiaoQing179, Yang XueWen180, Yang Yan181, Yang YingMei182, Yang Yinguang183, Ye Xinhua184, Ye YuQuan185, You Tao186, Yu Liang187, Yu XiaoQin188, Yuan Hui189, Yuan Zhihong190, Ze Liang191, Zeng Shue192, Zhang Hui193, Zhang Jian194, Zhang JianLei195, Zhang LiJuan196, Zhang LiLi197, Zhang Na198, Zhang PanPan199, Zhang QunXia200, Zhang Tong201, Zhang WenJun202, Zhang XiaoDong203, Zhang Yan204, Zhang Yan205, Zhang Yuhong206, Zhang Yuhua207, Zhang YunFei208, Zhang ZiZhen209, Zhao Feng210, Zhao Li211, Zhao Yu212, Zhou Hong213, Zhou JianQiao93, Zhou Na214, Zhou Peng215, Zhou Ruhai216, Zhou XianLi217, Zhou YiBo218, Zhu Bin219, Zhu LiSha220, Zhu Zheng221, Zou Bao222

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ultrasound, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200025, China

    JianQiao Zhou, WeiWei Zhan, XiaoHong Jia, YiJie Dong, JingWen Zhang, ZhiFang Yang, HuiTing Zhang, Yi Zheng, WenWen Xu & LiMei Lai

  2. Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China

    YanYan Song

  3. Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Ultrasound, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, 300060, China

    Xi Wei & Sheng Zhang

  4. Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China

    RuiFang Zhang

  5. Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550001, China

    Ying Gu, Xia Chen & Liying Shi

  6. Department of Ultrasound, The Third Affiliated Hospital Of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, Kunming, 650031, China

    XiaoMao Luo & LiChun Yang

  7. Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710038, China

    QiaoYing Li

  8. Department of Ultrasound, Affiliated Hospital of Yan’an University, School of Medicine, Yan’an University, Shanxi, 716000, China

    BaoYan Bai

  9. Department of Ultrasound, the first affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, NanJing, 210029, China

    XinHua Ye

  10. Department of Abdominal Ultrasound, The fourth Clinical Medical Collegen, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830000, China

    Hong Zhai

  11. Department of ultrasound, Anyang tumor hospital, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Anyang, 455000, China

    Hua Zhang

  12. Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, The Affiliated Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital of Electronic Science and Technology University of China, Chengdu, 610071, China

    LiXue Yin

  13. SunYat-sen Memorial Hospital, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, China

    Bao Ming Luo

  14. Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

    Bei Jian Huang

  15. Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China

    ChaoYang Wen

  16. General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China

    ChengRong Mi

  17. Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical Colloge, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China

    DaoZhong Huang & YouBin Deng

  18. Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China

    EnSheng Xue

  19. Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China

    Gang Wu

  20. Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China

    GuoQing Du & HaiTao Ran

  21. The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

    HuiJuan Xiang

  22. The General Hospital of the Central Theater Command of the PLA, Wuhan, China

    JiaAn Zhu

  23. Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China

    Jian Wang

  24. The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China

    JianChu Li & Chen Wu

  25. Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China

    Jie Tang

  26. The PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China

    Jing Li

  27. Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, China

    JingChun Yang

  28. Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

    Lei Zhang & LiGang Cui

  29. Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China

    LingYun Bao

  30. Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China

    LiXue Yin

  31. Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Chengdu, China

    Man Lu

  32. The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China

    Mei Zhu

  33. Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center; Department of Oncology, Shanghai, China

    Min Chen

  34. Tibet Autonomous Region People’s Hospital, Lhasa, China

    Nima Yuzhen

  35. Shandong University Qilu Hospital, Jinan, China

    PengFei Zhang

  36. Shanghai First People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

    Rong Wu

  37. Chaoyang Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

    RuiJun Guo

  38. SunYat-sen Memorial Hospital, SunYat-sen University, Guangzhou, China

    ShaoYun Hao

  39. Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China

    ShiBao Fang

  40. Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China

    Tao Chen

  41. Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China

    WeiWei Zhan

  42. Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China

    Ying Zhu

  43. Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

    YingJia Li

  44. The second people’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China

    YongPing Lu

  45. Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China

    YuanYi Zheng

  46. Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China

    Yue Chen

  47. The PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China

    YuKun Luo

  48. West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

    YuLan Peng

  49. Yanan University Affiliated Hospital, Yanan, China

    Bai BaoYan

  50. Shishou People’s Hospital, Shishou, China

    Cai YuanJin

  51. The affiliated Huaian No. 1 people’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

    Chang Xin

  52. Funing People’s Hospital of Jiangsu Province, Funing, China

    Che Guihua

  53. Baotou Central Hospital, Baotou, China

    Chen Fu

  54. Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital, Hunan, China

    Chen hongTian

  55. FuYangShi Hopital Of TCM, Fuyang traditional Chinese medicine hospital, Fuyang, China

    Chen hongYan

  56. Minhang Hospital Affiliated to Fudan Universitg, Shanghai, China

    Chen hongYan

  57. Zhongshan Hospital Xiamen University, Xiamen, China

    Chen huiPin

  58. The Binhai Bay Central Hospital of Dongguan, Dongguan, China

    Chen Jiehuan

  59. Dali Second People’s Hospital, Dali, China

    Chen nianQiao

  60. Inner Mongolia forestry General Hospital, Yakeshi, China

    Chen Xinguang

  61. Binzhou Center Hospital, Binzhou, China

    Chen XiuPing

  62. Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China

    Cui Guanghe & Peng ZhenYi

  63. Jiangxi Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Nanchang, China

    Dai LiPing

  64. Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China

    Deng XueDong

  65. The People’s Hospital Of Leshan, Leshan, China

    Dong LiLi

  66. Ansteel Group General Hospital, Anshan, China

    Du Gang

  67. Zhabei Central Hospital of Jing’an District, Shanghai, China

    Fang Chao

  68. West Central Hospital of Hainan, Haikou, China

    Fang FengKai

  69. Shuyang Hospital Affiliated to Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China

    Fei ZhengDong

  70. Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang, China

    Feng LiLi

  71. Hai’an Hospital affiliated to Nantong University, Haian, China

    Fu Jian

  72. Gansu Provincial Cancer Hospital, Lanzhou, China

    Guan Ling

  73. Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital, Xining, China

    Guo JianQin

  74. The Third Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, China

    Han Wen

  75. The First Affiliated Hospital Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China / Anhui Provincial Hospital, Hefei, China

    He Nianan

  76. The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China

    He ShaoZheng

  77. The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

    He XueMei

  78. Jiangsu Rudong County People’s Hospital, Rudong, China

    Hou AiQin

  79. Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China

    Hu Jie

  80. Cangzhou People’s Hospital, Cangzhou, China

    Hu LiYan

  81. Hunan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China

    Huang DingWei

  82. The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical Universtiy, Nanning, China

    Huang JianYuan

  83. The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College, Haikou, China

    Huang Li

  84. Wenzhou People’s Hospital, Wenzhou, China

    Huang PeiPei

  85. The First People’s Hospital of Jiashan, Jiashan, China

    Huang WeiWei

  86. Baoshan Branch of Shanghai First People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China

    Jia LiQiong

  87. Shanghai Baoshan Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai, China

    Jiang Xinhui

  88. Shanghai Punan hospital of Pudong New Ditrict, Shanghai, China

    Kang huiLi

  89. Qindao Municipal Hospital, Qindao, China

    Kong XiangChong

  90. The People’s Hospital of Shimen County, Shimen, China

    Lei XiaoQing

  91. The Second People’s Hospital of Lu An City /Affiliated Hospital of West Anhui Health Vocationnal College, Luan, China

    Li AnYang

  92. Jilin Cancer Hospital, Jilin, China

    Li Chen

  93. Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

    Li Cheng & Zhou JianQiao

  94. AnYang Tumor Hospital, Anyang, China

    Li ChuanYin

  95. Qingyang City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qingyang, China

    Li Dong

  96. Shanxi Zhongtiaoshan Group General Hospital, Yuncheng, China

    Li HaiYan

  97. The People’s Hospital of Mishan City, Mishan, China

    Li hongMei

  98. Ordos Central Hospital, Ordos, China

    Li huiWen

  99. Weihai Municipal Hospital West Division, Weihai, China

    Li JianXin

  100. Yunnan Cancer Hospital & The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China

    Li Ning

  101. Tangdu Hospital, Xian, China

    Li QiaoYing

  102. Puyang Traditional Chinese medicine hospital, Puyang, China

    Li QinYing

  103. The Third Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China

    Li Tao

  104. Cang Xian Hospital, Cangxian, China

    Li WenDong

  105. Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing, China

    Li XingYun

  106. The second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China

    Li Zhao

  107. Puyang Oilfield General Hospital, Puyang, China

    Liang GuoSheng

  108. Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, China

    Lin Jie

  109. The Sixth People’s Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China

    Liu Aihua

  110. Xingang Central Hospital of Xinyu City, Xinyu, China

    Liu HongMin

  111. Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated Of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China

    Liu Jia

  112. The Third People’s Hospital Of Hubei Province, Shijiazhuang, China

    Liu Kun

  113. HanDan Central Hospital, Handan, China

    Liu YanChao

  114. Xuzhou Central Hospital, Xuzhou, China

    Lou KeXin

  115. The First People’s Hospital of Changzhou, Changzhou, China

    Lu YeJun

  116. Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China

    Mao Feng

  117. Zigong Fourth People’s Hospital, Zigong, China

    Miao Juan

  118. Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China

    Ni XueJun

  119. Central Hospital of China Petroleum and Natural Gas Corporation, Langfang, China

    Pan XiaoJie

  120. The Third People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China

    Pang Yun

  121. Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China

    Peng Mei

  122. Shuangyashan People’s Hospital, Shuangyashan, China

    Pi YanMin

  123. Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou Universtiy, Yangzhou, China

    Qi TingYue

  124. North Hospital of Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China

    Qin QianMiao

  125. Nanjing Pukou District Central Hospital, Nanjing, China

    Qing Shunhua

  126. Xinyang Central Hospital, Xinyang, China

    Qu JianFeng

  127. Linyi City People Hospital, Linyi, China

    Ren Jinhe

  128. Kashi first people’s Hospital, Kashi, China

    Renagu Li.aiSha

  129. Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital, Hangzhou, China

    Ru RongRong

  130. 463 Hospital of PLA, Shenyang, China

    Shen Tao

  131. Lishui people’s Hospital, Lishui, China

    Shi HongWei

  132. Taizhou Hospital of TCM, Taizhou, China

    Shi Jie

  133. The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China

    Shi LiYing

  134. Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China

    Shou JinDuo

  135. Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China

    Song LinLin

  136. Henan Luyi Zhenyuan hospital, Luyi, China

    Su DeMin

  137. Quanzhou First Hospital, Fujian, Quanzhou, China

    Sun AnYi

  138. Beichen TCM Hospital, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China

    Sun Zhuogui

  139. The Third Hospital Of Nanchang, Nanchang, China

    Tang Binhui

  140. Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, China

    Tang Li Na

  141. Henan Province Hospital of TCM, Zhengzhou, China

    Wan Qing

  142. Ningxia Fifth People’s Hospital, Shizuishan, China

    Wang Fang

  143. Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital, Hohhot, China

    Wang Fang

  144. Affiliated Hospital, Dali University, Dali, China

    Wang Jing

  145. The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China

    Wang JinPing

  146. Linfen Central Hospital, Linfen, China

    Wang Li

  147. Xiangyang No.1 People’s Hospital, Xiangyang, China

    Wang Wei

  148. Nanjing Integrated Traditional Chinese And Western Medicine Hospital, Nanjing, China

    Wang XinFang

  149. Shenyang Red Cross Hospital, Shenyang, China

    Wang YaLi

  150. TangShan GongRen Hospital, Tangshan, China

    Wang YanBin

  151. People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China

    Wang YanQing

  152. Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, China

    Wang YanZhen

  153. Shanghai Jiading District Central Hospital, Shanghai, China

    Wang YingChun

  154. Tibet Autonomous Region People’s Hospital, Lhasa, China

    Wang YuanSheng

  155. The Third People’s Hospital of Puyang, Puyang, China

    Wang ZhaoRui

  156. The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China

    Wu ChangJun

  157. Sinopharm Dongfeng General Hospital, Shiyan, China

    Wu HaiYan

  158. Jinan maternity and child health care hospital, Jinan, China

    Wu Jing

  159. Harbin The First Hospital, Harbin, China

    Wu JinYu

  160. Heze Municipal Hospital, Heze, China

    Wu Liang

  161. Fu Yang People’s Hospital, Fuyang, China

    Wu LinSong

  162. Ezhou Central Hospital, Ezhou, China

    Wu Qing

  163. Shanghai Fengxian Central Hospital, Shanghai, China

    Wu Tao

  164. Suqian Branch, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Suqian, China

    Wu Ting

  165. Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China

    Wu Ting

  166. Ningbo No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, China

    Wu WenJing

  167. The Third Hospital of Zhangzhou, Zhangzhou, China

    Wu ZhiLing

  168. The 900th Hospital of Joint Service Corps of Chinese PLA, Fuzhou, China

    Wu ZhongQiu

  169. Jilin City Center Hospital, Jilin, China

    Xiao LiFang

  170. Fan County People’s Hospital,Henan province, Fanxian, China

    Xie ChuanWen

  171. Ningbo Yinzhou No.2 Hospital, Ningbo, China

    Xie Xiaohong

  172. The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Hefei, China

    Xu Quan

  173. 202 Hospital of PLA, Shenyang, China

    Xue Dan

  174. Wenzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wenzhou, China

    Yan JingBin

  175. Shanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xian, China

    Yan JiPing

  176. The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China

    Yang JianQing

  177. The First People’s Hospital of Dali, Dali, China

    Yang Jie

  178. Wuwei People’s Hospital, Wuwei, China

    Yang QingYa

  179. The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China

    Yang XiaoQing

  180. The First People’s Hospital of Yinchuan, Yinchuan, China

    Yang XueWen

  181. The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China

    Yang Yan

  182. BaoShan People’s Hospital, Baoshan, China

    Yang YingMei

  183. Dongguan Third People’s Hospital, Dongguan, China

    Yang Yinguang

  184. The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China

    Ye Xinhua

  185. HeBei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, China

    Ye YuQuan

  186. The second hospital affiliated to Fujian University of traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China

    You Tao

  187. Inner Mongolia Maternal and Child Care Hospital, Hohhot, China

    Yu Liang

  188. Longgang Central Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China

    Yu XiaoQin

  189. Xinyi People’s Hospital, Xinyi, China

    Yuan Hui

  190. Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Suzhou, China

    Yuan Zhihong

  191. Dezhou People’s Hospital, Dezhou, China

    Ze Liang

  192. Hubei Cancer Hospital, Wuhan, China

    Zeng Shue

  193. The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, China

    Zhang Hui

  194. Zhoukou Central Hospital, Zhoukou, China

    Zhang Jian

  195. Yan’an People’s Hospital, Yanan, China

    Zhang JianLei

  196. The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China

    Zhang LiJuan

  197. The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China

    Zhang LiLi

  198. Baoding Second Central Hospital, Baoding, China

    Zhang Na

  199. Taozhou Hospital Of Zhejiang Province, Taozhou, China

    Zhang PanPan

  200. The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China

    Zhang QunXia

  201. Chenzhou No. 1 people’s Hospital, Chenzhou, China

    Zhang Tong

  202. Wenjiang District People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China

    Zhang WenJun

  203. The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China

    Zhang XiaoDong

  204. Hebei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China

    Zhang Yan

  205. Hwa Mei hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Ningbo No. 2 hospital), Ningbo, China

    Zhang Yan

  206. Hua Long Hospital, Enshi, China

    Zhang Yuhong

  207. The Third People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou /Cancer Hospital of Henan University /The First Mercy Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, China

    Zhang Yuhua

  208. The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China

    Zhang YunFei

  209. The First People’s Hospital of Qujing City, Qujing, China

    Zhang ZiZhen

  210. Guangming Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China

    Zhao Feng

  211. Southwest University Hospital, Chongqing, China

    Zhao Li

  212. The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China

    Zhao Yu

  213. Chengdu Third People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China

    Zhou Hong

  214. Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Uygur, China

    Zhou Na

  215. Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China

    Zhou Peng

  216. Yinzhou People’s Hospital (Yinzhou Hospital affiliated to Medical School of Ningbo University), Ningbo, China

    Zhou Ruhai

  217. The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China

    Zhou XianLi

  218. Jinhua Hospital of Zhejiang University/ Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, Jinhua, China

    Zhou YiBo

  219. The Third People’s Hospital Of Lianshui County, Lianshui, China

    Zhu Bin

  220. People’s Hospital of Yichun City, Yichun, China

    Zhu LiSha

  221. Taicang First People’s Hospital, Taicang, China

    Zhu Zheng

  222. Huainan First People’s Hospital, Huainan, China

    Zou Bao

Authors
  1. JianQiao Zhou
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  2. YanYan Song
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  3. WeiWei Zhan
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  4. Xi Wei
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  5. Sheng Zhang
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  6. RuiFang Zhang
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  7. Ying Gu
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  8. Xia Chen
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  9. Liying Shi
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  10. XiaoMao Luo
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Consortia

The Superficial Organ and Vascular Ultrasound Group of the Society of Ultrasound in Medicine of Chinese Medical Association

  • Bao Ming Luo
  • , Bei Jian Huang
  • , ChaoYang Wen
  • , ChengRong Mi
  • , DaoZhong Huang
  • , EnSheng Xue
  • , Gang Wu
  • , GuoQing Du
  • , HaiTao Ran
  • , HuiJuan Xiang
  • , JiaAn Zhu
  • , Jian Wang
  • , JianChu Li
  • , Jie Tang
  • , Jing Li
  • , JingChun Yang
  • , Lei Zhang
  • , LiGang Cui
  • , LingYun Bao
  • , LiXue Yin
  • , Man Lu
  • , Mei Zhu
  • , Min Chen
  • , Nima Yuzhen
  • , PengFei Zhang
  • , Rong Wu
  • , RuiJun Guo
  • , ShaoYun Hao
  • , ShiBao Fang
  • , Tao Chen
  • , WeiWei Zhan
  • , Ying Zhu
  • , YingJia Li
  • , YongPing Lu
  • , YouBin Deng
  • , YuanYi Zheng
  • , Yue Chen
  • , YuKun Luo
  •  & YuLan Peng

The Chinese Artificial Intelligence Alliance for Thyroid and Breast Ultrasound

  • Bai BaoYan
  • , Cai YuanJin
  • , Chang Xin
  • , Che Guihua
  • , Chen Fu
  • , Chen hongTian
  • , Chen hongYan
  • , Chen hongYan
  • , Chen huiPin
  • , Chen Jiehuan
  • , Chen nianQiao
  • , Chen Wu
  • , Chen Xinguang
  • , Chen XiuPing
  • , Cui Guanghe
  • , Dai LiPing
  • , Deng XueDong
  • , Dong LiLi
  • , Du Gang
  • , Fang Chao
  • , Fang FengKai
  • , Fei ZhengDong
  • , Feng LiLi
  • , Fu Jian
  • , Guan Ling
  • , Guo JianQin
  • , Han Wen
  • , He Nianan
  • , He ShaoZheng
  • , He XueMei
  • , Hou AiQin
  • , Hu Jie
  • , Hu LiYan
  • , Huang DingWei
  • , Huang JianYuan
  • , Huang Li
  • , Huang PeiPei
  • , Huang WeiWei
  • , Jia LiQiong
  • , Jiang Xinhui
  • , Kang huiLi
  • , Kong XiangChong
  • , Lei XiaoQing
  • , Li AnYang
  • , Li Chen
  • , Li Cheng
  • , Li ChuanYin
  • , Li Dong
  • , Li HaiYan
  • , Li hongMei
  • , Li huiWen
  • , Li JianXin
  • , Li Ning
  • , Li QiaoYing
  • , Li QinYing
  • , Li Tao
  • , Li WenDong
  • , Li XingYun
  • , Li Zhao
  • , Liang GuoSheng
  • , Lin Jie
  • , Liu Aihua
  • , Liu HongMin
  • , Liu Jia
  • , Liu Kun
  • , Liu YanChao
  • , Lou KeXin
  • , Lu YeJun
  • , Mao Feng
  • , Miao Juan
  • , Ni XueJun
  • , Pan XiaoJie
  • , Pang Yun
  • , Peng Mei
  • , Peng ZhenYi
  • , Pi YanMin
  • , Qi TingYue
  • , Qin QianMiao
  • , Qing Shunhua
  • , Qu JianFeng
  • , Ren Jinhe
  • , Renagu Li.aiSha
  • , Ru RongRong
  • , Shen Tao
  • , Shi HongWei
  • , Shi Jie
  • , Shi LiYing
  • , Shou JinDuo
  • , Song LinLin
  • , Su DeMin
  • , Sun AnYi
  • , Sun Zhuogui
  • , Tang Binhui
  • , Tang Li Na
  • , Wan Qing
  • , Wang Fang
  • , Wang Fang
  • , Wang Jing
  • , Wang JinPing
  • , Wang Li
  • , Wang Wei
  • , Wang XinFang
  • , Wang YaLi
  • , Wang YanBin
  • , Wang YanQing
  • , Wang YanZhen
  • , Wang YingChun
  • , Wang YuanSheng
  • , Wang ZhaoRui
  • , Wu ChangJun
  • , Wu HaiYan
  • , Wu Jing
  • , Wu JinYu
  • , Wu Liang
  • , Wu LinSong
  • , Wu Qing
  • , Wu Tao
  • , Wu Ting
  • , Wu Ting
  • , Wu WenJing
  • , Wu ZhiLing
  • , Wu ZhongQiu
  • , Xiao LiFang
  • , Xie ChuanWen
  • , Xie Xiaohong
  • , Xu Quan
  • , Xue Dan
  • , Yan JingBin
  • , Yan JiPing
  • , Yang JianQing
  • , Yang Jie
  • , Yang QingYa
  • , Yang XiaoQing
  • , Yang XueWen
  • , Yang Yan
  • , Yang YingMei
  • , Yang Yinguang
  • , Ye Xinhua
  • , Ye YuQuan
  • , You Tao
  • , Yu Liang
  • , Yu XiaoQin
  • , Yuan Hui
  • , Yuan Zhihong
  • , Ze Liang
  • , Zeng Shue
  • , Zhang Hui
  • , Zhang Jian
  • , Zhang JianLei
  • , Zhang LiJuan
  • , Zhang LiLi
  • , Zhang Na
  • , Zhang PanPan
  • , Zhang QunXia
  • , Zhang Tong
  • , Zhang WenJun
  • , Zhang XiaoDong
  • , Zhang Yan
  • , Zhang Yan
  • , Zhang Yuhong
  • , Zhang Yuhua
  • , Zhang YunFei
  • , Zhang ZiZhen
  • , Zhao Feng
  • , Zhao Li
  • , Zhao Yu
  • , Zhou Hong
  • , Zhou JianQiao
  • , Zhou Na
  • , Zhou Peng
  • , Zhou Ruhai
  • , Zhou XianLi
  • , Zhou YiBo
  • , Zhu Bin
  • , Zhu LiSha
  • , Zhu Zheng
  •  & Zou Bao

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to JianQiao Zhou, YanYan Song or WeiWei Zhan.

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Members of the Superficial Organ and Vascular Ultrasound Group of the Society of Ultrasound in Medicine of Chinese Medical Association and The Chinese Artificial Intelligence Alliance for Thyroid and Breast Ultrasound are listed below Acknowledgements.

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Zhou, J., Song, Y., Zhan, W. et al. Thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TIRADS) for ultrasound features of nodules: multicentric retrospective study in China. Endocrine 72, 157–170 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-020-02442-x

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